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The Heterogeneous Effects of Economic Freedom on Labor Market Outcomes

Author

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  • Wall, Howard
  • Ferrarini, Tawni

Abstract

This paper shows how economic freedom can have heterogeneous effects on unemployment rates, employment-population ratios, and labor force participation. Our difference-in-difference approach compares counties in metropolitan statistical areas that straddle state borders, isolating own-state effects of economic freedom. Although overall economic freedom does not significantly affect labor market outcomes for the entire population, its effects are diverse and varied according to age, educational attainment, sex, and race. This empirical study also examines the heterogeneous effects of specific areas of economic freedom (government spending, taxation, and labor market regulations), highlighting the complexity of these relationships and suggesting that economic freedom is not a one-size-fits-all policy approach.

Suggested Citation

  • Wall, Howard & Ferrarini, Tawni, 2025. "The Heterogeneous Effects of Economic Freedom on Labor Market Outcomes," MPRA Paper 125191, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:125191
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    File URL: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/125191/1/MPRA_paper_125191.pdf
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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • H73 - Public Economics - - State and Local Government; Intergovernmental Relations - - - Interjurisdictional Differentials and Their Effects
    • J08 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - General - - - Labor Economics Policies
    • P16 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Capitalist Economies - - - Capitalist Institutions; Welfare State
    • R12 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity; Interregional Trade (economic geography)
    • R23 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Household Analysis - - - Regional Migration; Regional Labor Markets; Population

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