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The Impact of Venture Capital Expenditures on Innovation in Europe

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  • Leogrande, Angelo
  • Costantiello, Alberto
  • Laureti, Lucio

Abstract

We investigate the relationship between “Venture Capital Expenditures” and innovation in Europe. Data are collected from the European Innovation Scoreboard for 36 countries in the period 2010-2019. We perform Panel Data with Fixed Effects, Panel Data with Random Effects, Pooled OLS, WLS, Dynamic Panel. Results show that the level of Venture Capitalist Expenditure is positively associated to “Foreign Doctorate Students” and “Innovation Index” and negatively related to “Government Procurement of Advanced Technology Products”, “Innovators”, “Medium and High-Tech Products Exports”, “Public-Private Co-Publications”. In adjunct, cluster analysis is realized with the algorithm k-Means and the Silhouette coefficient, and we found the presence of four different clusters for the level of “Venture Capital Expenditures”. Finally, we propose a confrontation among 8 different algorithms of machine learning to predict the level of “Venture Capital Expenditures” and we find that the linear regression generates the best results in terms of minimization of MAE, MSE, RMSE.

Suggested Citation

  • Leogrande, Angelo & Costantiello, Alberto & Laureti, Lucio, 2021. "The Impact of Venture Capital Expenditures on Innovation in Europe," MPRA Paper 109897, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:109897
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    9. Costantiello, Alberto & Laureti, Lucio & De Cristoforo, Gianluca & Leogrande, Angelo, 2021. "The Innovation-Sales Growth Nexus in Europe," MPRA Paper 106858, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 28 Mar 2021.
    10. Leogrande, Angelo & Laureti, Lucio & Costantiello, Alberto, 2022. "The Innovation Index in Europe," MPRA Paper 112841, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    11. Gaddy, Benjamin E. & Sivaram, Varun & Jones, Timothy B. & Wayman, Libby, 2017. "Venture Capital and Cleantech: The wrong model for energy innovation," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 385-395.
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    13. Leogrande, Angelo & Costantiello, Alberto, 2021. "Human Resources in Europe. Estimation, Clusterization, Machine Learning and Prediction," MPRA Paper 109749, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    14. Luca Grilli & Boris Mrkajic & Gresa Latifi, 2018. "Venture capital in Europe: social capital, formal institutions and mediation effects," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 51(2), pages 393-410, August.
    15. Matteo Rossi & Elvira Martini, 2019. "Venture capitalists and value creation: the role of informal investors in the growth of smaller European firms," International Journal of Globalisation and Small Business, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 10(3), pages 233-247.
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    Cited by:

    1. Leogrande, Angelo & Costantiello, Alberto & Laureti, Lucio, 2022. "The Export of Medium and High-Tech Products Manufactured in Europe," MPRA Paper 114215, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Laureti, Lucio & Costantiello, Alberto & Matarrese, Marco Maria & Leogrande, Angelo, 2022. "The Employment in Innovative Enterprises in Europe," MPRA Paper 111335, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Leogrande, Angelo & Costantiello, Alberto & Laureti, Lucio, 2022. "The Impact of New Doctorate Graduates on Innovation Systems in Europe," MPRA Paper 114452, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Costantiello, Alberto & Laureti, Lucio & Leogrande, Angelo, 2022. "Marketing and Organizational Innovations in Europe," MPRA Paper 114121, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    5. Laureti, Lucio & Costantiello, Alberto & Matarrese, Marco Maria & Leogrande, Angelo, 2022. "Enterprises Providing ICT Training in Europe," MPRA Paper 111756, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    6. Leogrande, Angelo & Costantiello, Alberto & Laureti, Lucio & Matarrese, Marco Maria, 2022. "Innovative SMEs Collaborating with Others in Europe," MPRA Paper 113008, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    7. Costantiello, Alberto & Laureti, Lucio & Leogrande, Angelo, 2022. "The Determinants of Lifelong Learning in Europe," MPRA Paper 114053, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    8. Leogrande, Angelo & Costantiello, Alberto & Laureti, Lucio & Leogrande, Domenico, 2021. "The Determinants of Design Applications in Europe," MPRA Paper 110836, University Library of Munich, Germany.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives; Management of Technological Innovation and R&D; Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Intellectual Property and Intellectual Capital; Open Innovation; Government Policy.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O30 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - General
    • O31 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives
    • O32 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Management of Technological Innovation and R&D
    • O33 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes
    • O34 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Intellectual Property and Intellectual Capital
    • O38 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Government Policy
    • O39 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Other

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