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Development and Validation of Survey Questionnaire & Experimental Data – A Systematical Review-based Statistical Approach

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  • Aithal, Architha
  • Aithal, Sreeramana

Abstract

In quantitative research methodology, the empirical research method is finding importance due to its effectiveness in carrying out research in social sciences, business management, and health sciences. The empirical research method contains the procedure of developing a model to find the relationship between different variables identified in a problem. Based on developing hypotheses and testing hypotheses, one can examine and improve the model to explain real-world phenomena. The empirical research method consists of using a survey-based questionnaire to collect the data to identify and interrelate variables present in the problem. It is a comparatively difficult task to design and develop an effective, efficient, and psychometrically perfect questionnaire to be used for research data collection in empirical and clinical research settings. This paper provides a reference on guidelines and framework for developing suitable questionnaires for use in social sciences, business management, medical, and paramedical research with a special emphasis on various stages of questionnaire preparation, preliminary questionnaire testing, and validation (reliability & validity) of the questionnaire using a number of statistical methods. The paper throws light on data collection and analysis stages before the finalization of the developed model for testing hypotheses in empirical research by providing guidelines for the design, development, and translation of questionnaires for application in the above-mentioned research fields. The different types of validation processes required for cleaning the data by various measuring instruments in experimental research are also discussed for comparison. A framework is suggested to guide researchers through the various stages of questionnaire design, development, and improvement using suitable statistical methods to assess the reliability and validity of the questionnaire used in empirical research and validation of the data obtained in experimental research.

Suggested Citation

  • Aithal, Architha & Aithal, Sreeramana, 2020. "Development and Validation of Survey Questionnaire & Experimental Data – A Systematical Review-based Statistical Approach," MPRA Paper 103996, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:103996
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Aithal, Sreeramana, 2016. "Review on Various Ideal System Models Used to Improve the Characteristics of Practical Systems," MPRA Paper 74395, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 20 Sep 2016.
    2. Pushkin Kachroo & Sheen Kachen, 2018. "Item placement for questionnaire design for optimal reliability," Journal of Marketing Analytics, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 6(4), pages 120-126, December.
    3. Hamed Taherdoost, 2016. "Validity and Reliability of the Research Instrument; How to Test the Validation of a Questionnaire/Survey in a Research," Post-Print hal-02546799, HAL.
    4. Hamed Taherdoost, 2016. "Sampling Methods in Research Methodology; How to Choose a Sampling Technique for Research," Post-Print hal-02546796, HAL.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    Cited by:

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Empirical research method; Questionnaire survey; Questionnaire design; Questionnaire preparation; Questionnaire testing; Validation (Reliability & Validity) of questionnaire; Validation of experimental data;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • B40 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - Economic Methodology - - - General
    • C8 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology; Computer Programs
    • C81 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology; Computer Programs - - - Methodology for Collecting, Estimating, and Organizing Microeconomic Data; Data Access
    • C82 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology; Computer Programs - - - Methodology for Collecting, Estimating, and Organizing Macroeconomic Data; Data Access
    • C83 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology; Computer Programs - - - Survey Methods; Sampling Methods
    • C88 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology; Computer Programs - - - Other Computer Software
    • C9 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Design of Experiments
    • C90 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Design of Experiments - - - General
    • M10 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Business Administration - - - General

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