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Macroeconomic Effects of Pension Reforms in The Context of Ageing Populations: Overlapping Generations Model Simulations for Seven OECD Countries

Author

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  • Ketil Hviding
  • Marcel Mérette

Abstract

Using overlapping generations (OLG) models calibrated on seven OECD countries -- the United States, Japan, France, Canada, Italy, the United Kingdom and Sweden -- the authors investigate the macroeconomic impact of possible pension reform strategies as populations age. Simulations include a reduction in the level of pensions, phased abolition of PAYG schemes and general fiscal consolidation. By raising the national saving rate future GDP levels are higher, but not enough to offset the affects of ageing. A rise in the retirement age has larger effects, but implies significant loss of leisure time ... En utilisant des modèles à générations imbriquées pour sept pays de l'OCDE -- Etats-Unis, Japon, France, Canada, Italie, Royaume-Uni et Suède -- les auteurs analysent les effets macro-économiques des différentes réformes de systèmes des pensions dans un contexte de vieillissement de la population. Les simulations considèrent une réduction des niveaux de pensions, une élimination graduelle des systèmes à répartition et une réduction généralisée des dépenses publiques. Dans la mesure où ces réformes augmentent les taux d'épargne, les niveaux futurs du PIB seront plus élevés, mais pas suffisamment pour compenser les effets du vieillissement de la population. Le recul de l'âge officiel de la retraite aurait un effet plus important, mais aussi des implications négatives sur le temps disponible pour les loisirs ...

Suggested Citation

  • Ketil Hviding & Marcel Mérette, 1998. "Macroeconomic Effects of Pension Reforms in The Context of Ageing Populations: Overlapping Generations Model Simulations for Seven OECD Countries," OECD Economics Department Working Papers 201, OECD Publishing.
  • Handle: RePEc:oec:ecoaaa:201-en
    DOI: 10.1787/638376177076
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    1. Ignazio Visco, 2001. "Paying for pensions: how important is economic growth?," BNL Quarterly Review, Banca Nazionale del Lavoro, vol. 54(216), pages 73-102.
    2. Choi, Ki-Hong & Shin, Sungwhee, 2015. "Population aging, economic growth, and the social transmission of human capital: An analysis with an overlapping generations model," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 138-147.
    3. Bouzahzah, Mohamed & De la Croix, David & Docquier, Frederic, 2002. "Policy reforms and growth in computable OLG economies," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 26(12), pages 2093-2113, October.
    4. Martin Stepanek, 2017. "Pension Reforms and Adverse Demographics: The Case of the Czech Republic," Working Papers IES 2017/15, Charles University Prague, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Economic Studies, revised Aug 2017.
    5. Bielecki, Marcin & Goraus, Karolina & Hagemejer, Jan & Makarski, Krzysztof & Tyrowicz, Joanna, 2015. "Small assumptions (can) have a large bearing: evaluating pension system reforms with OLG models," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 210-221.
    6. Maria Ogonek, 2003. "Transformation of the Repartition Pension System into a Mixed System," Ekonomia journal, Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Warsaw, vol. 10.
    7. Yingzhu Yang & Rong Zheng & Lexiang Zhao, 2021. "Population Aging, Health Investment and Economic Growth: Based on a Cross-Country Panel Data Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-16, February.
    8. Verbic, Miroslav, 2007. "Modelling the pension system in an overlapping-generations general equilibrium modelling framework," MPRA Paper 10350, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    9. Koka, Katerina & Kosempel, Stephen, 2014. "A life-cycle analysis of ending mandatory retirement," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 57-66.
    10. Ignazio Visco, 2000. "Welfare, invecchiamento della popolazione e lavoro: una prospettiva OCSE," Moneta e Credito, Economia civile, vol. 53(209), pages 55-85.
    11. Medeiros, João, 2000. "Endogenous Versus Exogenous Growth Facing a Fertility Shock," LIDAM Discussion Papers IRES 2000017, Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherches Economiques et Sociales (IRES).
    12. Ignazio Visco, 2001. "Paying for pensions: how important is economic growth?," Banca Nazionale del Lavoro Quarterly Review, Banca Nazionale del Lavoro, vol. 54(216), pages 73-102.
    13. Garry Young, 2002. "The implications of an ageing population for the UK economy," Bank of England working papers 159, Bank of England.
    14. Bielecki, Marcin & Goraus, Karolina & Hagemejer, Jan & Tyrowicz, Joanna, 2016. "Decreasing fertility vs increasing longevity: Raising the retirement age in the context of ageing processes," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 52(PA), pages 125-143.
    15. Makarski, Krzysztof & Tyrowicz, Joanna, 2019. "On welfare effects of increasing retirement age," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 41(4), pages 718-746.
    16. Ignazio Visco, 2000. "Welfare systems, ageing and work: an OECD perspective," BNL Quarterly Review, Banca Nazionale del Lavoro, vol. 53(212), pages 3-29.
    17. Rowena A. Pecchenino & Patricia S. Pollard, 2005. "Aging, Myopia, and the Pay‐As‐You‐Go Public Pension Systems of the G7: A Bright Future?," Journal of Public Economic Theory, Association for Public Economic Theory, vol. 7(3), pages 449-470, August.
    18. Voyvoda, Ebru & Yeldan, Erinc, 2005. "Managing Turkish debt: An OLG investigation of the IMF's fiscal programming model for Turkey," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 27(6), pages 743-765, September.
    19. Velma Pijalovic & Lejla Lazovic-Pita & Almir Pestek, 2018. "The analysis of perceptions and attitudes related to ageing in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina," Public Sector Economics, Institute of Public Finance, vol. 42(3), pages 255-278.
    20. Ignazio Visco, 2001. "Spesa pensionistica:quanto conta la crescita economica?," Moneta e Credito, Economia civile, vol. 54(215), pages 273-308.

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