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Quelle perspective pour l'approche par les capacités ?

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Abstract

Depuis trente ans, le paradigme utilitariste du bien-être est remis en cause par de nombreux auteurs. Amartya Sen, s'appuyant sur la lecture de l'œuvre de John Rawls, est celui qui a poussé le plus loin l'analyse en développant de nouvelles notions comme les capabilités et les fonctionnements, permettant ainsi de repenser le développement et l'évaluation de la pauvreté sur des bases non plus seulement monétaires, mais aussi philosophiques, sociales ou politiques. Le cheminement et l'enrichissement de cette approche par de nombreux auteurs peuvent-ils toutefois conduire à l'élaboration d'un nouveau paradigme économique ou se contentent-ils d'enrichir le paradigme utilitariste ? La réponse ne saurait être positive puisque Sen reste avant tout un économiste utilitariste, basant son analyse du bien-être sur l'utilité retirée par les individus de la réalisation des fonctionnements potentiels. The aim of this paper is to draw a framework of the Capability Approach evolution from its roots to its prospects, from the criticism of utilitarian and rawlsian's theories to the freedom-based model of development. The main asset of the Sen's Capability Approach is a new measure of Well-Being based on non-monetary reflexions. But can one affirm that the Capability Approach is a new paradigm? One must answer negatively as this approach remains a utilitarian measure of well-being. (Full text in French)

Suggested Citation

  • Alexandre Bertin, 2004. "Quelle perspective pour l'approche par les capacités ?," Documents de travail 92, Groupe d'Economie du Développement de l'Université Montesquieu Bordeaux IV.
    • Handle: RePEc:mon:ceddtr:92
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    File URL: http://ged.u-bordeaux4.fr/ceddt92.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mozaffar Qizilbash, 1996. "Capabilities, well-being and human development: A survey," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 33(2), pages 143-162.
    2. John C. Harsanyi, 1955. "Cardinal Welfare, Individualistic Ethics, and Interpersonal Comparisons of Utility," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 63, pages 309-309.
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    Cited by:

    1. Emmanuelle Bénicourt, 2006. "Amartya Sen : une nouvelle ère pour le développement ?," Revue Tiers Monde, Programme National Persée, vol. 47(186), pages 433-447.
    2. Ngunza Maniata, Kevin, 2014. "Théorie des ensembles flous et décomposition multidimensionnelle de la pauvreté en République Démocratique du Congo
      [Fuzzy sets theory and Multidimensional poverty in Democratic Republic of Congo]      ," MPRA Paper 68481, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 27 Aug 2015.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • B31 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - History of Economic Thought: Individuals - - - Individuals
    • I31 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - General Welfare, Well-Being
    • I32 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - Measurement and Analysis of Poverty
    • O10 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - General

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