JRC-IDEES-2023: the Integrated Database of the European Energy System

The Joint Research Centre's Integrated Database of the European Energy System (JRC-IDEES) incorporates in a single database a rich set of information allowing for highly granular analyses of the dynamics of the European energy system, so as to better understand the past and create a robust basis for future policy assessments. JRC-IDEES provides a consistent set of disaggregated energy-economy-emissions data for each Member State of the European Union, covering all sectors of the energy system for the 2000-2023 period. This data complies with Eurostat energy balances while providing a plausible decomposition of energy consumption into specific processes and end uses. In each sector, JRC-IDEES uses a vintage-specific approach to quantify the characteristics of the energy-using equipment in operation, along with the average operation of the equipment stock. It accordingly identifies different drivers and provides insights on their role by sector while accounting for structural differences across countries. JRC-IDEES therefore supports several key applications for energy modelling, research, and policy analysis, such as parameterizing energy models and assessing past and prospective policies. JRC-IDEES is freely accessible to the general public since 2018 and can be downloaded through the JRC Data Catalogue. This report documents the 2025 release (JRC-IDEES-2023), which incorporates several new data sources and methodological improvements while extending the time coverage of the database until 2023. As such, the report is a revision of the previous JRC-IDEES-2021 technical report and describes key changes where relevant. The report also includes general minor revisions to clarify assumptions and data sources.