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Economic reforms, poverty and inequality

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  • S. Mahendra Dev

    (Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research)

Abstract

It is going to be 25 years since India embarked on big-bang economic reforms in 1991. What are the achievements in terms of growth and inclusive growth in the post-reform period? What are the issues in poverty measurement? Has poverty declined faster in the post-reform period? What are the determinants and policies needed for reduction in poverty? Has inequality increased in the reform period? What should be done to reduce inequalities? This paper addresses these questions relating to economic reforms, poverty and inequality. There has been visible change but some failures in the processes and outcomes in the post-reform period. Poverty declined faster in the second half of 2000s as compared to that of 1990s. Inequality increased in urban areas. Among other things, creation of productive employment is crucial for reduction in poverty and inequality. New generation wants equality of opportunity rather than just rights based approach. India aspiring to be a global power should invest in human capital and improve human development.

Suggested Citation

  • S. Mahendra Dev, 2016. "Economic reforms, poverty and inequality," Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai Working Papers 2016-009, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai, India.
    • Handle: RePEc:ind:igiwpp:2016-009
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    File URL: http://www.igidr.ac.in/pdf/publication/WP-2016-009.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Dev, S. Mahendra, 2013. "India Development Report 2012-13," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780198092018, Decembrie.
    2. Maendra Dev, S., 2015. "India Development Report 2015," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780199459452, Decembrie.
    3. K.V. Ramaswamy & Tushar Agrawal, 2012. "Services-led growth, employment and job quality: A Study of manufacturing and service-sector in urban India," Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai Working Papers 2012-007, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai, India.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Poverty; inequality; economic reforms; productive employment; equality of opportunity; multi-dimensional poverty;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I31 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - General Welfare, Well-Being
    • I32 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - Measurement and Analysis of Poverty
    • I38 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - Government Programs; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
    • J21 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure

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