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Caractéristiques et performances des firmes exportatrices françaises

Author

Listed:
  • Flora Bellone

    (GREDEG - Groupe de Recherche en Droit, Economie et Gestion - UNS - Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • Patrick Musso

    (GREDEG - Groupe de Recherche en Droit, Economie et Gestion - UNS - Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • Lionel Nesta

    (OFCE - Observatoire français des conjonctures économiques (Sciences Po) - Sciences Po - Sciences Po)

  • Michel Quéré

    (GREDEG - Groupe de Recherche en Droit, Economie et Gestion - UNS - Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

Abstract

Cette étude analyse le lien entre l'efficacité productive et les performances à l'exportation de 23 000 entreprises manufacturières françaises entre 1990 et 2002. Nous montrons que les firmes exportatrices françaises sont en moyenne plus grandes, plus intensives en capital et plus productives que leurs homologues non exportatrices. Ce résultat est conforme aux études existantes concernant nos voisins européens, i.e. l'Allemagne, la Grande-Bretagne, l'Espagne et l'Italie. Nous obtenons toutefois deux résultats propres à la France. Tout d'abord, contrairement aux idées reçues, la participation des PME françaises (20-250 employés) aux exportations est relativement élevée. En revanche, leur intensité d'exportation (ratio exportations/chiffre d'affaires) est, en moyenne, relativement faible. Ensuite, la décision d'exporter ne semble pas liée à une efficacité productive préalablement supérieure. Les bonnes performances des firmes exportatrices résultent de gains de productivité postérieurs aux premières exportations. Ces gains suggèrent l'existence d'effets d'apprentissage et sont d'autant plus élevés que la part des exportations dans le chiffre d'affaires est forte. La faiblesse relative des PME françaises en matière d'intensité d'exportation devrait donc constituer une préoccupation importante de la politique économique française.

Suggested Citation

  • Flora Bellone & Patrick Musso & Lionel Nesta & Michel Quéré, 2006. "Caractéristiques et performances des firmes exportatrices françaises," SciencePo Working papers Main hal-01021303, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:spmain:hal-01021303
    DOI: 10.3917/reof.098.0183
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://sciencespo.hal.science/hal-01021303
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Andrew Bernard & Joachim Wagner, 1997. "Exports and success in German manufacturing," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), vol. 133(1), pages 134-157, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Flora Bellone & Patrick Musso & Lionel Nesta & Frédéric Warzynski, 2009. "L'effet pro-concurrentiel de l'intégration européenne. Une analyse de l'évolution des taux de marge dans les industries manufacturières françaises," Revue de l'OFCE, Presses de Sciences-Po, vol. 0(1), pages 139-163.
    2. Movahedi, Mohammad & Shahbazi, Kiumars & Gaussens, Olivier, 2017. "Innovation and willingness to export: Is there an effect of conscious self-selection?," Economics - The Open-Access, Open-Assessment E-Journal (2007-2020), Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel), vol. 11, pages 1-22.
    3. Mohammad Movahedi & Olivier Gaussens, 2011. "Innovation, productivité et exportation : Y-a-t-il un effet d'auto-sélection consciente? Une étude empirique sur les PMI de basse-Normandie," Economics Working Paper Archive (University of Rennes 1 & University of Caen) 201123, Center for Research in Economics and Management (CREM), University of Rennes 1, University of Caen and CNRS.
    4. Bouët, Antoine & Vaubourg, Anne-Gaël, 2016. "Financial constraints and international trade with endogenous mode of competition," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 179-194.
    5. Lionel Nesta & Sarah Guillou & Flora Bellone, 2009. "Are Export Premia Robust to Innovation Statistics?," Sciences Po publications 39, Sciences Po.
    6. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/6153 is not listed on IDEAS
    7. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/10021 is not listed on IDEAS
    8. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/eu4vqp9ompqllr09hc03295hg is not listed on IDEAS
    9. Movahedi, Mohammad & Gaussens, Olivier, 2011. "Innovation, productivity, and export: Evidence from SMEs in Lower Normandy, France," MPRA Paper 40443, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 07 Jun 2012.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • F10 - International Economics - - Trade - - - General
    • L60 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Manufacturing - - - General
    • D24 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Production; Cost; Capital; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity; Capacity

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