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Quelle contribution des banques coopératives à la cohésion économique et sociale des territoires ?

Author

Listed:
  • Nadine Richez-Battesti

    (CEFI - Centre d'économie et de finances internationales - Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2 - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • Patrick Gianfaldoni

    (LBNC - Laboratoire Biens, Normes, Contrats - AU - Avignon Université)

  • Georges Gloukoviezoff

    (LEFI - Laboratoire d'Economie de la Firme et des Institutions - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2)

  • Jean-Robert Alcaras

    (LBNC - Laboratoire Biens, Normes, Contrats - AU - Avignon Université)

Abstract

Des travaux récents mettent en évidence les bonnes performances économiques et financières comparatives des banques de l'économie sociale en France, infirmant ainsi les analyses anglo-saxonne qui considèrent le modèle coopératif comme une configuration inefficiente et dépassée. D'autres s'accordent à spécifier les banques coopératives par leur objectif d'utilité sociale, ou pour le dire autrement, leur contribution à la production de l'intérêt général ou du bien-être (ALLEN, GALE, 1995 ; LABYE, LAGOUTTE, RENVERSEZ, 2002), tandis que les autres banques, que nous qualifions ici de banques SA, auraient pour objectif unique la rentabilité. Cette seconde catégorie de travaux a en commun une approche étroite du welfare : meilleure gestion des risques de crédit, collecte privilégiée de l'épargne, stabilisation conjointe du revenu des épargnants et du coût du crédit, et prise en charge de segments de clientèle non couverts par le marché. Cette approche correspond pour partie à l'origine des banques coopératives qui ont été créées et se sont développées pour faciliter l'accès au marché, répondre à des besoins non satisfaits de catégories socioprofessionnelles particulières (agriculteurs et artisans notamment) et faciliter l'accès au crédit à un " juste " prix. Dans le même temps, nombreux sont ceux qui considèrent qu'elles sont devenues des banques comme les autres, ayant ainsi perdu leurs spécificités et donc qu'elles se seraient banalisées au cours du temps. Observe-t-on encore des spécificités en termes d'activités et de services offerts, continuent-elles à privilégier le service rendu ? Participent-elles toujours à la cohésion économique et sociale des territoires au sein desquels elles inscrivent leur activités ? Les spécificités ne sont elles pas moins dans la satisfaction des besoins que dans le fonctionnement particulier, démocratique et collectif ?

Suggested Citation

  • Nadine Richez-Battesti & Patrick Gianfaldoni & Georges Gloukoviezoff & Jean-Robert Alcaras, 2006. "Quelle contribution des banques coopératives à la cohésion économique et sociale des territoires ?," Post-Print hal-00502333, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-00502333
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://univ-avignon.hal.science/hal-00502333
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jean-Jacques Surzur, 2002. "Le secteur mutualiste et coopératif financier : quel devenir ?," Revue d'Économie Financière, Programme National Persée, vol. 67(3), pages 261-267.
    2. Agnès Labye & Christine Lagoutte & Françoise Renversez, 2002. "Banques mutualistes et systèmes financiers : une analyse comparative Allemagne, Grande-Bretagne, France," Revue d'Économie Financière, Programme National Persée, vol. 67(3), pages 85-109.
    3. Allen, Franklin & Gale, Douglas, 1995. "A welfare comparison of intermediaries and financial markets in Germany and the US," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 39(2), pages 179-209, February.
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    1. Lagoarde-Segot, Thomas & Paranque, Bernard, 2018. "Finance and sustainability: From ideology to utopia," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 80-92.
    2. Katia Lobre & Jean-Baptiste Cartier, 2012. "Mutualisme bancaire, Hétérosis organisationnelle et difficultés de gouvernance," Post-Print halshs-00696908, HAL.

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