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The Global Financial Crisis and Small- and Medium-sized Enterprises in Japan: How did they cope with the crisis?

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  • Kazuo OGAWA
  • Takanori TANAKA

Abstract

In this paper, we examine the nature of the shocks that hit the small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Japan during the global financial crisis that occurred in the wake of the massive number of non-performing subprime loans in the U.S. We examine how the SMEs responded to the shocks, using the unique surveys that were conducted by the Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI) in 2008 and 2009. The shocks were identified as demand, supply and financial shocks. The demand shock was the most prevalent, while the financial shock was the least frequent. The SMEs took a spectrum of measures against the demand shock by seeking help from suppliers and financial institutions. We find that the measures taken by the SMEs crucially depended on the bank-firm relationship, but not on the customer-supplier relationship. The bank-dependent SMEs asked their closely-affiliated financial institutions for help, while the SMEs that were less dependent on financial institutions sought help primarily from their suppliers.

Suggested Citation

  • Kazuo OGAWA & Takanori TANAKA, 2012. "The Global Financial Crisis and Small- and Medium-sized Enterprises in Japan: How did they cope with the crisis?," Discussion papers 12012, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI).
    • Handle: RePEc:eti:dpaper:12012
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    Cited by:

    1. Daisuke TSURUTA & Hirofumi UCHIDA, 2021. "Does Trade Credit Absorb Adverse Shocks?," Discussion papers 21089, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI).
    2. Cuma AkBAY & Rizgar Saed Hussein & Bahzad Taher Salim & Sirwan Latif, 2016. "Economic Crisis and Small Business in Erbil-Iraq," International Journal of Business and Social Research, LAR Center Press, vol. 6(10), pages 1-7, October.
    3. Khurana, Indu & Dutta, Dev K. & Singh Ghura, Amarpreet, 2022. "SMEs and digital transformation during a crisis: The emergence of resilience as a second-order dynamic capability in an entrepreneurial ecosystem," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 623-641.
    4. Zubair, Siraz & Kabir, Rezaul & Huang, Xiaohong, 2020. "Does the financial crisis change the effect of financing on investment? Evidence from private SMEs," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 456-463.
    5. Reddy, Kotapati Srinivasa, 2015. "The impact of the global financial crisis on border-crossing mergers and acquisitions: A continental/industry analysis," MPRA Paper 63563, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2015.
    6. Cuma AkBAY & Rizgar Saed Hussein & Bahzad Taher Salim & Sirwan Latif, 2016. "Economic Crisis and Small Business in Erbil-Iraq," International Journal of Business and Social Research, MIR Center for Socio-Economic Research, vol. 6(10), pages 1-7, October.
    7. Kazuo Yamada & Izidin El Kalak & Hidenori Takahashi, 2018. "On the Dynamics of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: Evidence from Japan," ADBI Working Papers 819, Asian Development Bank Institute.
    8. Narendar Rao & K. Reddy, 2015. "The impact of the global financial crisis on cross-border mergers and acquisitions: a continental and industry analysis," Eurasian Business Review, Springer;Eurasia Business and Economics Society, vol. 5(2), pages 309-341, December.
    9. Vitezić Vanja & Srhoj Stjepan & Perić Marko, 2018. "Investigating Industry Dynamics in a Recessionary Transition Economy," South East European Journal of Economics and Business, Sciendo, vol. 13(1), pages 43-67, June.
    10. Maria Elisavet Balta & Thanos Papadopoulos & Konstantina Spanaki, 2024. "Business model pivoting and digital technologies in turbulent environments," Post-Print hal-04513406, HAL.
    11. Ann-Christin Grözinger & Sven Wolff & Philipp Julian Ruf & Petra Moog, 2022. "The power of shared positivity: organizational psychological capital and firm performance during exogenous crises," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 58(2), pages 689-716, February.
    12. Tsuruta, Daisuke & Uchida, Hirofumi, 2019. "The real driver of trade credit," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 57(C).
    13. Jinchao Wang & Changfu Luo, 2022. "Social Mobility and Firms’ Total Factor Productivity: Evidence from China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-19, November.
    14. Besstremyannaya, Galina, 2017. "Heterogeneous effect of the global financial crisis and the Great East Japan Earthquake on costs of Japanese banks," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 66-89.
    15. Nobuyoshi Yamori, 2019. "The Effects of the Financing Facilitation Act after the Global Financial Crisis: Has the Easing of Repayment Conditions Revived Underperforming Firms?," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-17, April.
    16. Yoshiyuki ARATA & Daisuke MIYAKAWA, 2022. "Demand Shock Propagation Through an Input-output Network in Japan," Discussion papers 22027, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI).
    17. Arata, Yoshiyuki & Miyakawa, Daisuke, 2024. "Demand shock propagation through input-output linkages in Japan," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 219(C), pages 262-283.
    18. Tsuruta, Daisuke & Uchida, Hirofumi, 2024. "Does trade credit absorb adverse shocks? Evidence on SMEs in Japan," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 88(C).

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