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Declining Long-Term Employment in Japan

Author

Listed:
  • KAWAGUCHI Daiji
  • UENO Yuko

Abstract

This paper documents the secular decline of years of job tenure in Japan based on micro data from two representative government surveys, namely the household-based Employment Status Survey (ESS) and the establishment-based Basic Survey of Wage Structure (BSWS). Workers born in 1970 have experienced about 20 percent fewer years of job tenure than those born in 1945, based on an analysis of ESS data. The decline of the long-term employment relationship is uniformly observed across firm sizes and industries. Among job changers, the fraction of voluntary job changes, as well as that of job changes associated with wage increase, has been stable.

Suggested Citation

  • KAWAGUCHI Daiji & UENO Yuko, 2011. "Declining Long-Term Employment in Japan," ESRI Discussion paper series 270, Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI).
    • Handle: RePEc:esj:esridp:270
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    Cited by:

    1. Hideaki Aoyama & Corrado Di Guilmi & Yoshi Fujiwara & Hiroshi Yoshikawa, 2021. "Dual labor market and the "Phillips curve puzzle"," CAMA Working Papers 2021-49, Centre for Applied Macroeconomic Analysis, Crawford School of Public Policy, The Australian National University.
    2. Rtischev, Dimitry, 2017. "A strategic behavior analysis of why ventures are risky for young people in Japan but not in Silicon Valley," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 78-89.
    3. Esteban-Pretel, Julen & Tanaka, Ryuichi & Meng, Xiangcai, 2017. "Changes in Japan’s labor market during the Lost Decade and the role of demographics," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 19-37.
    4. Keiko MURATA & Masahiro HORI, 2019. "Causal Mechanisms of the Decline in Long-term Employment in Japan: Evidence from Long-run Panel Data (Japanese)," Discussion Papers (Japanese) 19028, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI).
    5. Ayako Kondo, 2024. "Scars of the job market “ice-age”," Social Science Japan Journal, University of Tokyo and Oxford University Press, vol. 27(2), pages 133-148.
    6. Kawaguchi, Akira, 2015. "Internal labor markets and gender inequality: Evidence from Japanese micro data, 1990–2009," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 193-213.
    7. Yokoyama, Izumi & Kodama, Naomi & Higuchi, Yoshio, 2019. "Effects of state-sponsored human capital investment on the selection of training type," Japan and the World Economy, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 40-49.
    8. Kenji Umetani & Tadashi Yokoyama, 2015. "Concentration of Population in Tokyo: A Survey," GRIPS Discussion Papers 15-21, National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies.
    9. Kato, Ryuta Ray & Miyamoto, Hiroaki, 2013. "Fiscal stimulus and labor market dynamics in Japan," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 33-58.
    10. Daiji Kawaguchi & Yuko Mori, 2014. "Winning the race against technology," Bank of Japan Working Paper Series 14-E-5, Bank of Japan.
    11. Sanae Tashiro, 2015. "Is being single better? An analysis of employment structure and wages of Japanese female workers," Australian Journal of Labour Economics (AJLE), Bankwest Curtin Economics Centre (BCEC), Curtin Business School, vol. 18(3), pages 239-254.
    12. Hideaki Aoyama & Corrado Guilmi & Yoshi Fujiwara & Hiroshi Yoshikawa, 2022. "Dual labor market and the “Phillips curve puzzle”: the Japanese experience," Journal of Evolutionary Economics, Springer, vol. 32(5), pages 1419-1435, November.
    13. Inoue, Toshikatsu, 2022. "The effect of aging on the age–wage profile in Japan," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
    14. Sanae Tashiro & Chu-Ping Lo, 2020. "When Social Norms Influence the Employment of Women: The Case of Japan," Eastern Economic Journal, Palgrave Macmillan;Eastern Economic Association, vol. 46(3), pages 460-482, June.
    15. Kawaguchi, Daiji & Mori, Yuko, 2016. "Why has wage inequality evolved so differently between Japan and the US? The role of the supply of college-educated workers," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 29-50.
    16. Ohta, Souichi, 2019. "Some evidence on the cohort earnings differentials of men in Japan," Japan and the World Economy, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 113-125.
    17. Kyoji Fukao & Cristiano Perugini, 2021. "The Long‐Run Dynamics of the Labor Share in Japan," Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 67(2), pages 445-480, June.
    18. Kitamura, Tomoki & Nakashima, Kunio, 2025. "Retirement benefits in small- and medium-sized Japanese enterprises," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 92(C).
    19. Franklin Soriano & Ruel Abello, 2015. "Modelling the relationships between the use of STEM* skills, collaboration, R&D and Innovation among Australian Businesses," Australian Journal of Labour Economics (AJLE), Bankwest Curtin Economics Centre (BCEC), Curtin Business School, vol. 18(3), pages 345-374.
    20. Izumi Yokoyama & Takuya Obara, 2017. "Optimal combination of wage cuts and layoffs—the unexpected side effect of a performance-based payment system," IZA Journal of Labor Policy, Springer;Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), vol. 6(1), pages 1-15, December.
    21. Mika Akesaka & Koyo Miyoshi, 2018. "Wage Inequality during the Long-term Stagnation in Japan: Changes within and between Establishments," ISER Discussion Paper 1045, Institute of Social and Economic Research, The University of Osaka.
    22. Oshio, Takashi & Umeda, Maki & Fujii, Mayu, 2013. "The association of life satisfaction and self-rated health with income dynamics among male employees in Japan," Japan and the World Economy, Elsevier, vol. 28(C), pages 143-150.
    23. Burdin, Gabriel & Kambayashi, Ryo & Kato, Takao, 2024. "The Impact of Overtime Limits on Firms and Workers: Evidence from Japan's Work Style Reform," IZA Discussion Papers 17583, IZA Network @ LISER.
    24. Junya Kumagai & Mihoko Wakamatsu & Shunsuke Managi, 2021. "Do commuters adapt to in-vehicle crowding on trains?," Transportation, Springer, vol. 48(5), pages 2357-2399, October.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • J21 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
    • J62 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Job, Occupational and Intergenerational Mobility; Promotion

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