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Asymmetry in Cournot Duopoly

Author

Listed:
  • Lars-Hendrick Röller
  • Bernard Sinclair-Desgagné

Abstract

We analyze the sources of persistent asymmetry between firms and between markets in a given industry. We focus on the case where some exogenous ex ante cost asymmetry can be magnified ex post in terms of cost (capabilities), market shares, prices and profit. Our model - a two-product Cournot duopoly - emphasizes the respective role of market conditions (demand elasticities) and organizational characteristics (organizational inertia). We find that both factors act as substitutes in creating asymmetries in cost; however, organizational factors seem to play a greater role than market ones in explaining asymmetries in market shares and profit. We also show that, from a benevolent social planner's viewpoint, the equilibrium asymmetry in cost that results in the duopoly is not enough : each firm should specialize further in the market where it has an ex ante cost advantage. Nous analysons les cause d'asymétrie entre les firmes et entre les marchés d'une même industrie. Nous nous interrogeons sur le cas où une légère asymétrie technologique présente ex ante se répercute ex post, de manière amplifiée, sur les coûts, les parts de marché, les prix et les profits. Notre modèle, un duopole de Cournot avec deux marchés, met en lumière les rôles respectifs des conditions du marché, en l'occurence celui de l'élasticité de la demande, et des caractéristiques des organisations, plus précisément le rôle de l'inertie organisationnelle. Il est démontré que ces deux types de facteurs ont un impact similaire, voire sont substituts, en ce qui concerne l'asymétrie dans les coûts. L'inertie organisationnelle semble cependant jouer un rôle plus important que les conditions du marché pour l'asymétrie dans les parts de marché et les profits. Enfin, nous montrons que l'asymétrie dans les coûts qui survient à l'équilibre du duopole n'est pas socialement optimale : les firmes devraient se spécialiser davantage là où elles ont un avantage technologique ex ante.

Suggested Citation

  • Lars-Hendrick Röller & Bernard Sinclair-Desgagné, 1996. "Asymmetry in Cournot Duopoly," CIRANO Working Papers 96s-23, CIRANO.
  • Handle: RePEc:cir:cirwor:96s-23
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    File URL: https://cirano.qc.ca/files/publications/96s-23.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Fisher, Timothy C G & Martel, Jocelyn, 1999. "Should We Abolish Chapter 11? Evidence from Canada," The Journal of Legal Studies, University of Chicago Press, vol. 28(1), pages 233-257, January.
    2. Jovanovic, Boyan, 1982. "Selection and the Evolution of Industry," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 50(3), pages 649-670, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Davide Vannoni, 2000. "The diversifield firm: non formal theories versus formal models," ECONOMIA E POLITICA INDUSTRIALE, FrancoAngeli Editore, vol. 2000(106).

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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • L10 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - General
    • L11 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure; Size Distribution of Firms

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