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Critical misalignments in climate pledges reveal imbalanced sustainable development pathways

Author

Listed:
  • Francesca Larosa
  • Fermin Mallor
  • S. Hoyas
  • Alberto J. Conejero
  • Javier Garcia-Martinez
  • Francesco Fuso Nerini
  • Ricardo Vinuesa

Abstract

We explore the integration of climate action and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in nationally determined contributions (NDCs), revealing persistent synergies and trade-offs across income groups. While high-income countries emphasize systemic challenges like health (SDG3) and inequality (SDG10), low-income nations prioritize the water-energy-food nexus (SDGs 6-7-12) and natural resource management (SDG15) due to vulnerabilities to climate impacts. Harnessing an innovative artificial intelligence routine, we discuss what these diverging development trajectories imply for the Paris Agreement and the 2030 Agenda for sustainable development in terms of global inequality, the climate and sustainable finance flows and multilateral governance.

Suggested Citation

  • Francesca Larosa & Fermin Mallor & S. Hoyas & Alberto J. Conejero & Javier Garcia-Martinez & Francesco Fuso Nerini & Ricardo Vinuesa, 2025. "Critical misalignments in climate pledges reveal imbalanced sustainable development pathways," Papers 2503.17373, arXiv.org, revised Mar 2025.
    • Handle: RePEc:arx:papers:2503.17373
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Megan Mills‐Novoa & Diana M. Liverman, 2019. "Nationally Determined Contributions: Material climate commitments and discursive positioning in the NDCs," Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 10(5), September.
    2. Pieter Pauw & Kennedy Mbeva & Harro Asselt, 2019. "Subtle differentiation of countries’ responsibilities under the Paris Agreement," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 5(1), pages 1-7, December.
    3. W. P. Pauw & Richard J. T. Klein & Kennedy Mbeva & Adis Dzebo & Davide Cassanmagnago & Anna Rudloff, 2018. "Beyond headline mitigation numbers: we need more transparent and comparable NDCs to achieve the Paris Agreement on climate change," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 147(1), pages 23-29, March.
    4. Lau Øfjord Blaxekjær & Tobias Dan Nielsen, 2015. "Mapping the narrative positions of new political groups under the UNFCCC," Climate Policy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 15(6), pages 751-766, November.
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