IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/aiz/louvad/2025008.html

Modeling prices from speculative markets: bursting bubbles or deflating balloons?

Author

Listed:
  • Hafner, Christian

    (Université catholique de Louvain, LIDAM/ISBA, Belgium)

  • Harvey, Andrew

    (University of Cambridge)

  • Wang, Linqi

    (University of Cambridge)

Abstract

Speculative markets may be characterized by sharp falls after a slow build up. Sometimes the converse happens. We suggest a number of mechanisms that are able to produce this kind of behaviour and we demonstrate their plausibility by simulation. The models are then fitted to daily data on Bitcoin. In constructing these models we show that it is essential to take account of volatility and non-normality. We also investigate the possibility of a dynamic tail index. The conclusion, at least for Bitcoin, is that speculative markets are more likely to behave like balloons than bubbles. In other words, there is rapid inflation followed by a slow decline.

Suggested Citation

  • Hafner, Christian & Harvey, Andrew & Wang, Linqi, 2025. "Modeling prices from speculative markets: bursting bubbles or deflating balloons?," LIDAM Discussion Papers ISBA 2025008, Université catholique de Louvain, Institute of Statistics, Biostatistics and Actuarial Sciences (ISBA).
    • Handle: RePEc:aiz:louvad:2025008
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://dial.uclouvain.be/pr/boreal/en/object/boreal%3A300538/datastream/PDF_01/view
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Andrew Harvey & Rutger‐Jan Lange, 2018. "Modeling the Interactions between Volatility and Returns using EGARCH‐M," Journal of Time Series Analysis, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 39(6), pages 909-919, November.
    2. Blasques, F. & Francq, Christian & Laurent, Sébastien, 2023. "Quasi score-driven models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 234(1), pages 251-275.
    3. Harvey, Andrew & Palumbo, Dario, 2023. "Score-driven models for realized volatility," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 237(2).
    4. Enzo D’Innocenzo & André Lucas & Bernd Schwaab & Xin Zhang, 2024. "Modeling Extreme Events: Time-Varying Extreme Tail Shape," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 42(3), pages 903-917, July.
    5. Ardia, David & Bluteau, Keven & Rüede, Maxime, 2019. "Regime changes in Bitcoin GARCH volatility dynamics," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 266-271.
    6. Diebold, Francis X & Mariano, Roberto S, 2002. "Comparing Predictive Accuracy," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 20(1), pages 134-144, January.
    7. Catania, Leopoldo & Grassi, Stefano, 2022. "Forecasting cryptocurrency volatility," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 38(3), pages 878-894.
    8. Blasques, Francisco & Koopman, Siem Jan & Nientker, Marc, 2022. "A time-varying parameter model for local explosions," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 227(1), pages 65-84.
    9. Andrew Harvey & Alessandra Luati, 2014. "Filtering With Heavy Tails," Journal of the American Statistical Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 109(507), pages 1112-1122, September.
    10. Zhu, Dongming & Galbraith, John W., 2010. "A generalized asymmetric Student-t distribution with application to financial econometrics," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 157(2), pages 297-305, August.
    11. Christian Francq & Jean-Michel Zakoïan, 2004. "Maximum likelihood estimation of pure GARCH and ARMA-GARCH processes," Post-Print hal-05431371, HAL.
    12. Christian M Hafner, 2020. "Testing for Bubbles in Cryptocurrencies with Time-Varying Volatility," Journal of Financial Econometrics, Oxford University Press, vol. 18(2), pages 233-249.
    13. Olivier Scaillet & Adrien Treccani & Christopher Trevisan, 2020. "High-Frequency Jump Analysis of the Bitcoin Market," Journal of Financial Econometrics, Oxford University Press, vol. 18(2), pages 209-232.
    14. Blasques, Francisco & van Brummelen, Janneke & Koopman, Siem Jan & Lucas, André, 2022. "Maximum likelihood estimation for score-driven models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 227(2), pages 325-346.
    15. Durbin, James & Koopman, Siem Jan, 2012. "Time Series Analysis by State Space Methods," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, edition 2, number 9780199641178.
    16. Michele Caivano & Andrew Harvey, 2014. "Time-series models with an EGB2 conditional distribution," Journal of Time Series Analysis, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 35(6), pages 558-571, November.
    17. Drew Creal & Siem Jan Koopman & André Lucas, 2013. "Generalized Autoregressive Score Models With Applications," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 28(5), pages 777-795, August.
    18. Tata Subba Rao & Granville Tunnicliffe Wilson & Andrew Harvey & Rutger-Jan Lange, 2017. "Volatility Modeling with a Generalized t Distribution," Journal of Time Series Analysis, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 38(2), pages 175-190, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Harvey, Andrew & Palumbo, Dario, 2023. "Score-driven models for realized volatility," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 237(2).
    2. Blasques, Francisco & van Brummelen, Janneke & Gorgi, Paolo & Koopman, Siem Jan, 2024. "Maximum Likelihood Estimation for Non-Stationary Location Models with Mixture of Normal Distributions," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 238(1).
    3. Pierluigi Vallarino, 2024. "Dynamic kernel models," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 24-082/III, Tinbergen Institute.
    4. Francisco Blasques & Janneke van Brummelen & Paolo Gorgi & Siem Jan Koopman, 2024. "Robust Multivariate Observation-Driven Filtering for a Common Stochastic Trend: Theory and Application," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 24-062/III, Tinbergen Institute.
    5. Eric A. Beutner & Yicong Lin & Andre Lucas, 2023. "Consistency, distributional convergence, and optimality of score-driven filters," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 23-051/III, Tinbergen Institute.
    6. Harvey, Andew & Liao, Yin, 2023. "Dynamic Tobit models," Econometrics and Statistics, Elsevier, vol. 26(C), pages 72-83.
    7. Daan Schoemaker & André Lucas & Anne Opschoor, 2025. "Conditional Fat Tails and Scale Dynamics for Intraday Discrete Price Changes," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 25-039/III, Tinbergen Institute.
    8. Drew Creal & Siem Jan Koopman & André Lucas & Marcin Zamojski, 2015. "Generalized Autoregressive Method of Moments," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 15-138/III, Tinbergen Institute, revised 06 Jul 2018.
    9. Mauro Bernardi & Leopoldo Catania, 2015. "Switching-GAS Copula Models With Application to Systemic Risk," Papers 1504.03733, arXiv.org, revised Jan 2016.
    10. Creal, Drew & Koopman, Siem Jan & Lucas, André & Zamojski, Marcin, 2024. "Observation-driven filtering of time-varying parameters using moment conditions," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 238(2).
    11. Umlandt, Dennis, 2023. "Score-driven asset pricing: Predicting time-varying risk premia based on cross-sectional model performance," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 237(2).
    12. Michel Ferreira Cardia Haddad & Szabolcs Blazsek & Philip Arestis & Franz Fuerst & Hsia Hua Sheng, 2023. "The two-component Beta-t-QVAR-M-lev: a new forecasting model," Financial Markets and Portfolio Management, Springer;Swiss Society for Financial Market Research, vol. 37(4), pages 379-401, December.
    13. Astrid Ayala & Szabolcs Blazsek & Adrian Licht, 2022. "Score-driven stochastic seasonality of the Russian rouble: an application case study for the period of 1999 to 2020," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 62(5), pages 2179-2203, May.
    14. Francisco (F.) Blasques & Paolo Gorgi & Siem Jan (S.J.) Koopman, 2017. "Accelerating GARCH and Score-Driven Models: Optimality, Estimation and Forecasting," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 17-059/III, Tinbergen Institute.
    15. Blasques, Francisco & van Brummelen, Janneke & Koopman, Siem Jan & Lucas, André, 2022. "Maximum likelihood estimation for score-driven models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 227(2), pages 325-346.
    16. Rutger-Jan Lange & Bram van Os & Dick van Dijk, 2022. "Implicit score-driven filters for time-varying parameter models," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 22-066/III, Tinbergen Institute, revised 21 Nov 2024.
    17. Francisco Blasques & Siem Jan Koopman & André Lucas, 2014. "Information Theoretic Optimality of Observation Driven Time Series Models," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 14-046/III, Tinbergen Institute.
    18. Blasques, F. & van Brummelen, J. & Gorgi, P. & Koopman, S.J., 2024. "A robust Beveridge–Nelson decomposition using a score-driven approach with an application," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 236(C).
    19. Ayala Astrid & Blazsek Szabolcs & Escribano Alvaro, 2023. "Anticipating extreme losses using score-driven shape filters," Studies in Nonlinear Dynamics & Econometrics, De Gruyter, vol. 27(4), pages 449-484, September.
    20. Martin Weale & Paul Labonne, 2022. "Nowcasting in the presence of large measurement errors and revisions," Economic Statistics Centre of Excellence (ESCoE) Discussion Papers ESCoE DP-2022-05, Economic Statistics Centre of Excellence (ESCoE).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    JEL classification:

    • C22 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes
    • C58 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Financial Econometrics
    • G17 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Financial Forecasting and Simulation

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:aiz:louvad:2025008. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Nadja Peiffer (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/isuclbe.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.