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El seguro escolar gratuito y el seguro materno infantil: análisis de su incidencia e impacto sobre el acceso a los servicios de salud y sobre la equidad en el acceso

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  • Jaramillo, Miguel
  • Parodi, Sandro

Abstract

A fines de la década pasada el gobierno peruano implementó dos seguros públicos para mejorar el acceso a los servicios de salud de las mujeres y de los niños más pobres de la población: el Seguro Escolar Gratuito (SEG) y el Seguro Materno Infantil (SMI). Según la teoría, dichos seguros deberían haber contribuido a disminuir las barreras de acceso a los servicios de salud, redistribuyendo recursos hacia los más pobres, e induciendo, por lo tanto, a una mejora en la equidad. El presente estudio intenta establecer si este objetivo logró concretarse en la realidad. Un primer nivel de análisis encuentra que la implementación de los seguros tuvo un efecto positivo sobre la cobertura ante los riesgos de salud y que tanto el SEG como el SMI se convirtieron en las principales fuentes de aseguramiento en salud para la población. Esto, a su vez, impactó positivamente sobre el acceso a servicios de salud. Sin embargo, los análisis de incidencia de la afiliación, de los errores de focalización y la estimación de una función de demanda de salud muestran que los beneficios no se concentraron particularmente en los segmentos más pobres de población, sino en los más ricos. El efecto sobre la equidad ha sido, en consecuencia, negativo. El ahora Seguro Integral de Salud, que unifica los seguros estudiados, tiene, pues, una importante tarea pendiente para mejorar la equidad del acceso a los servicios de salud.

Suggested Citation

  • Jaramillo, Miguel & Parodi, Sandro, 2004. "El seguro escolar gratuito y el seguro materno infantil: análisis de su incidencia e impacto sobre el acceso a los servicios de salud y sobre la equidad en el acceso," Working Papers 37732, Group for the Analysis of Development (GRADE).
  • Handle: RePEc:ags:gradwp:37732
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.37732
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Winnie Yip & Peter Berman, 2001. "Targeted health insurance in a low income country and its impact on access and equity in access: Egypt's school health insurance," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 10(3), pages 207-220, April.
    2. Alan Williams, 2003. "Comment on Amartya Sen's ‘why health equity’," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 12(1), pages 65-66, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Bouillon, César P. & Tejerina, Luis, 2006. "Do We Know What Works?: A Systematic Review of Impact Evaluations of Social Programs in Latin America and the Caribbean," IDB Publications (Working Papers) 2801, Inter-American Development Bank.
    2. Never, Babette & Albert, Jose Ramon & Fuhrmann, Hanna & Gsell, Sebastian & Jaramillo, Miguel & Kuhn, Sascha & Senadza, Bernardin, 2020. "Carbon consumption patterns of emerging middle classes," IDOS Discussion Papers 13/2020, German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS).
    3. César P. Bouillon & Luis Tejerina, 2006. "Do We Know What Works?: A Systematic Review of Impact Evaluations of Social Programs in Latin America and the Caribbean," IDB Publications (Working Papers) 80443, Inter-American Development Bank.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Health Economics and Policy;

    JEL classification:

    • G22 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Insurance; Insurance Companies; Actuarial Studies
    • I1 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health

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