IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/e/pny12.html
   My authors  Follow this author

Arne Nygaard

Personal Details

First Name:Arne
Middle Name:
Last Name:Nygaard
Suffix:
RePEc Short-ID:pny12
https://kristiania.academia.edu/ArneNygaard

Research output

as
Jump to: Articles

Articles

  1. Arne Nygaard, 2022. "From Linear to Circular Economy: a Transaction Cost Approach to the Ecological Transformation of the Firm," Circular Economy and Sustainability,, Springer.
  2. Nelson Oly Ndubisi & Arne Nygaard & Celine Capel, 2019. "Mindfulness‐based business strategies and the environment," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 28(3), pages 433-435, March.
  3. Arne Nygaard & Harald Biong & Ragnhild Silkoset & Roland E. Kidwell, 2017. "Leading by Example: Values-Based Strategy to Instill Ethical Conduct," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 145(1), pages 133-139, September.
  4. Utgård, Jakob & Nygaard, Arne & Dahlstrom, Robert, 2015. "Franchising, local market characteristics and alcohol sales to minors," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 68(10), pages 2117-2124.
  5. Roland E. Kidwell & Arne Nygaard, 2011. "A Strategic Deviance Perspective on the Franchise Form of Organizing," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 35(3), pages 467-482, May.
  6. Harald Biong & Arne Nygaard & Ragnhild Silkoset, 2010. "The Influence of Retail Management’s Use of Social Power on Corporate Ethical Values, Employee Commitment, and Performance," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 97(3), pages 341-363, December.
  7. Dahlstrom, Robert & Nygaard, Arne, 2010. "Epilogue: Popperian Perspectives on Transaction Cost Economics and Future Directions of Empirical Research," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 86(3), pages 284-290.
  8. Dahlstrom, Robert & Nygaard, Arne, 2010. "The 2009 Nobel Prize in Economics to Oliver E. Williamson: Recognition of the Influence of Transaction Cost Economics on Business Research," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 86(3), pages 209-210.
  9. Arne Nygaard & Harald Biong, 2010. "Erratum to: The Influence of Retail Management’s Use of Social Power on Corporate Ethical Values, Employee Commitment, and Performance," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 97(3), pages 339-339, December.
  10. Dahlstrom, Robert & Haugland, Sven A. & Nygaard, Arne & Rokkan, Aksel I., 2009. "Governance structures in the hotel industry," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 62(8), pages 841-847, August.
  11. Kidwell, Roland E. & Nygaard, Arne & Silkoset, Ragnhild, 2007. "Antecedents and effects of free riding in the franchisor-franchisee relationship," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 22(4), pages 522-544, July.
  12. Haugland, Sven A. & Myrtveit, Ingunn & Nygaard, Arne, 2007. "Market orientation and performance in the service industry: A data envelopment analysis," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 60(11), pages 1191-1197, November.
  13. Arne Nygaard & Ingunn Myrtveit, 2000. "Moral hazard, competition and contract design: empirical evidence from managerial, franchised and entrepreneurial businesses in Norway," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 32(3), pages 349-356.
  14. Manolis, Chris & Nygaard, Arne & Stillerud, Bård, 1997. "Uncertainty and vertical control: An international investigation," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 6(5), pages 501-518, October.
  15. Dahlstrom, R & Nygaard, A, 1993. "Market structure and integration in the Norwegian oil industry," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 21(2), pages 199-203, March.
  16. Nygaard, Arne & Dahlstrom, Robert, 1992. "Multinational company strategy and host country policy," Scandinavian Journal of Management, Elsevier, vol. 8(1), pages 3-13.

Citations

Many of the citations below have been collected in an experimental project, CitEc, where a more detailed citation analysis can be found. These are citations from works listed in RePEc that could be analyzed mechanically. So far, only a minority of all works could be analyzed. See under "Corrections" how you can help improve the citation analysis.

Articles

  1. Arne Nygaard, 2022. "From Linear to Circular Economy: a Transaction Cost Approach to the Ecological Transformation of the Firm," Circular Economy and Sustainability,, Springer.

    Cited by:

    1. Nizar Abdelkafi & Jinou Xu & Margherita Pero & Federica Ciccullo & Antonio Masi, 2023. "Does the combination of sustainable business model patterns lead to truly sustainable business models? Critical analysis of existing frameworks and extensions," Journal of Business Economics, Springer, vol. 93(4), pages 597-634, May.

  2. Nelson Oly Ndubisi & Arne Nygaard & Celine Capel, 2019. "Mindfulness‐based business strategies and the environment," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 28(3), pages 433-435, March.

    Cited by:

    1. Martinez, Luisa M. & Pacheco, Natália & Ramos, Filipe R. & Bicho, Marta, 2023. "Would you try it again? Dual effects of customer mindfulness on service recovery," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    2. Anette Hallin & Tina Karrbom‐Gustavsson & Peter Dobers, 2021. "Transition towards and of sustainability—Understanding sustainability as performative," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 30(4), pages 1948-1957, May.
    3. Bari L. Bendell, 2022. "Environmental investment decisions of family firms—An analysis of competitor and government influence," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 31(1), pages 1-14, January.
    4. Azhdar Karami & Robert Anthony Gorzynski, 2022. "Connection to nature and sustainability in small‐ and medium‐sized environmental organizations: A dynamic strategic thinking approach," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 31(1), pages 371-389, January.
    5. Yi-Hui Ho & Cheng-Kun Wang & Chieh-Yu Lin, 2022. "Antecedents and Consequences of Green Mindfulness: A Conceptual Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(11), pages 1-19, May.
    6. Mai Thi My-Quyen & Le Nguyen Hau & Pham Ngoc Thuy, 2020. "Mindful co-creation of transformative service for better well-being," Service Business, Springer;Pan-Pacific Business Association, vol. 14(3), pages 413-437, September.
    7. Myriam Cano‐Rubio & Rosa Lombardi & Guadalupe Fuentes‐Lombardo & Pedro Núñez‐Cacho, 2021. "Familiness, business strategy and stakeholder engagement: The internationalisation of Spanish olive oil mills," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 30(8), pages 4258-4280, December.

  3. Arne Nygaard & Harald Biong & Ragnhild Silkoset & Roland E. Kidwell, 2017. "Leading by Example: Values-Based Strategy to Instill Ethical Conduct," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 145(1), pages 133-139, September.

    Cited by:

    1. Kristin Lee Sotak & Andra Serban & Barry A. Friedman & Michael Palanski, 2024. "Perceptions of Ethicality: The Role of Attire Style, Attire Appropriateness, and Context," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 189(1), pages 149-175, January.
    2. Fulford, Mark D. & Coleman, Robert A., 2021. "Maximizing the value of values-based leadership (VBL): A reconceptualization for leaders and organizations," Journal of Applied Leadership and Management, Hochschule Kempten - University of Applied Sciences, Professional School of Business & Technology, vol. 9, pages 61-72.
    3. Anna M. Rose & Jacob M. Rose & Ikseon Suh & Jay Thibodeau & Kristina Linke & Carolyn Strand Norman, 2021. "Why Financial Executives Do Bad Things: The Effects of the Slippery Slope and Tone at the Top on Misreporting Behavior," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 174(2), pages 291-309, November.
    4. Nelson Oly Ndubisi & Arne Nygaard & Celine Capel, 2019. "Mindfulness‐based business strategies and the environment," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 28(3), pages 433-435, March.
    5. Esther Pagán-Castaño & Javier Sánchez-García & Fernando J. Garrigos-Simon & María Guijarro-García, 2021. "The Influence of Management on Teacher Well-Being and the Development of Sustainable Schools," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-23, March.

  4. Utgård, Jakob & Nygaard, Arne & Dahlstrom, Robert, 2015. "Franchising, local market characteristics and alcohol sales to minors," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 68(10), pages 2117-2124.

    Cited by:

    1. Mark D Easton & Andrea M Noack & Leah F Vosko, 2021. "Are franchisees more prone to employment standards violations than other businesses? Evidence from Ontario, Canada," The Economic and Labour Relations Review, , vol. 32(1), pages 39-64, March.
    2. Kejia Hu & Sunil Chopra & Yuche Chen, 2021. "The Effect of Tightening Standards on Automakers’ Non‐compliance," Production and Operations Management, Production and Operations Management Society, vol. 30(9), pages 3094-3115, September.

  5. Roland E. Kidwell & Arne Nygaard, 2011. "A Strategic Deviance Perspective on the Franchise Form of Organizing," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 35(3), pages 467-482, May.

    Cited by:

    1. Utgård, Jakob & Nygaard, Arne & Dahlstrom, Robert, 2015. "Franchising, local market characteristics and alcohol sales to minors," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 68(10), pages 2117-2124.
    2. Antonios Karatzas & Georgios Papadopoulos & Janet Godsell, 2020. "Servitization and the Effect of Training on Service Delivery System Performance," Production and Operations Management, Production and Operations Management Society, vol. 29(5), pages 1101-1121, May.
    3. Semrau, Thorsten & Biemann, Torsten, 2022. "When sergeants can outrank generals: Person-organization fit and the performance of franchisees as agents of their franchisor," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 37(2).
    4. Constantino J. Garcia Martin & Amparo Medal-Bartual & Marta Peris-Ortiz, 2014. "Analysis of efficiency and profitability of franchise services," The Service Industries Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 34(9-10), pages 796-810, July.
    5. William E. Gillis & James G. Combs & David J. Ketchen Jr., 2014. "Using Resource–Based Theory to Help Explain Plural Form Franchising," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 38(3), pages 449-472, May.
    6. Watson, Anna & Dada, Olufunmilola (Lola) & Grünhagen, Marko & Wollan, Melody L., 2016. "When do franchisors select entrepreneurial franchisees? An organizational identity perspective," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 69(12), pages 5934-5945.
    7. James G. Combs & David J. Ketchen Jr & Jeremy C. Short, 2011. "Franchising Research: Major Milestones, New Directions, and its Future within Entrepreneurship," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 35(3), pages 413-425, May.
    8. Sinnewe, Elisabeth & Charles, Michael B. & Keast, Robyn, 2016. "Australia's Cooperative Research Centre Program: A transaction cost theory perspective," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 45(1), pages 195-204.
    9. Karim Mignonac & Christian Vandenberghe & Rozenn Perrigot & Assâad El Akremi & Olivier Herrbach, 2015. "A Multi–Study Investigation of Outcomes of Franchisees’ Affective Commitment to Their Franchise Organization," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 39(3), pages 461-488, May.
    10. Gillis, William E. & Combs, James G. & Yin, Xiaoli, 2020. "Franchise management capabilities and franchisor performance under alternative franchise ownership strategies," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 35(1).

  6. Harald Biong & Arne Nygaard & Ragnhild Silkoset, 2010. "The Influence of Retail Management’s Use of Social Power on Corporate Ethical Values, Employee Commitment, and Performance," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 97(3), pages 341-363, December.

    Cited by:

    1. Dheeraj Sharma, 2018. "When Fairness is Not Enough: Impact of Corporate Ethical Values on Organizational Citizenship Behaviors and Worker Alienation," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 150(1), pages 57-68, June.
    2. Wioleta Kucharska, 2020. "Employee Commitment Matters for CSR Practice, Reputation and Corporate Brand Performance—European Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-16, January.
    3. He Peng & Feng Wei, 2020. "How and When Does Leader Behavioral Integrity Influence Employee Voice? The Roles of Team Independence Climate and Corporate Ethical Values," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 166(3), pages 505-521, October.
    4. Shanyong Wang & Hualong Wang & Jing Wang, 2019. "Exploring the effects of institutional pressures on the implementation of environmental management accounting: Do top management support and perceived benefit work?," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 28(1), pages 233-243, January.
    5. Shanyong Wang & Jun Li & Dingtao Zhao, 2018. "Institutional Pressures and Environmental Management Practices: The Moderating Effects of Environmental Commitment and Resource Availability," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 27(1), pages 52-69, January.
    6. Choudhary, Piyush & Kumar Jain, Nikunj & Panda, Abinash, 2022. "Making small and medium enterprises circular economy compliant by reducing the single use plastic consumption," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 448-462.
    7. Vincent Didiek Wiet Aryanto & Yohan Wismantoro & Yudith Vega Paramitadevi, 2020. "The Climate Change Issue towards Behavioral Intentions: A Perspective of Social Marketing," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 10(2), pages 483-490.
    8. Annie Ng Cheng San & M. Krishna Moorthy & Choe Kum Lung, 2012. "Perceived Social Power and Audit Committee Effectiveness in Malaysia: The Conceptual Model," International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, Human Resource Management Academic Research Society, International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, vol. 2(1), pages 162-175, January.
    9. Francesco Perrini & Angeloantonio Russo & Antonio Tencati & Clodia Vurro, 2011. "Deconstructing the Relationship Between Corporate Social and Financial Performance," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 102(1), pages 59-76, March.
    10. Weihui Fu & Satish Deshpande, 2014. "The Impact of Caring Climate, Job Satisfaction, and Organizational Commitment on Job Performance of Employees in a China’s Insurance Company," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 124(2), pages 339-349, October.
    11. Ngai, Eric W.T. & Tao, Spencer S.C. & Moon, Karen K.L., 2015. "Social media research: Theories, constructs, and conceptual frameworks," International Journal of Information Management, Elsevier, vol. 35(1), pages 33-44.
    12. Kanze, Dana & Conley, Mark A. & Higgins, E. Tory, 2021. "The motivation of mission statements: How regulatory mode influences workplace discrimination," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Elsevier, vol. 166(C), pages 84-103.
    13. Nikunj Kumar Jain & Abinash Panda & Piyush Choudhary, 2020. "Institutional pressures and circular economy performance: The role of environmental management system and organizational flexibility in oil and gas sector," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 29(8), pages 3509-3525, December.
    14. Minseong Kim & Ho-Seok Kim, 2022. "Corporate Social Responsibility: What Are Foodservice Companies Reporting?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-18, July.
    15. Hwan-Yann Su, 2014. "Business Ethics and the Development of Intellectual Capital," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 119(1), pages 87-98, January.
    16. Mbaye Fall Diallo & Christine Lambey-Checchin, 2017. "Consumers’ Perceptions of Retail Business Ethics and Loyalty to the Retailer: The Moderating Role of Social Discount Practices," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 141(3), pages 435-449, March.
    17. Guler Aras & Paul F. Williams, 2022. "Integrated Reporting and Integrated Thinking: Proposing a Reporting Model That Induces More Responsible Use of Corporate Power," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-19, March.

  7. Dahlstrom, Robert & Nygaard, Arne, 2010. "Epilogue: Popperian Perspectives on Transaction Cost Economics and Future Directions of Empirical Research," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 86(3), pages 284-290.

    Cited by:

    1. Martino, Gaetano & Frascarelli, Angelo, 2012. "Adaptation in Food Networks: theoretical framework and empirical evidences," MPRA Paper 37600, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Gaetano MARTINO & Rossella PAMPANINI & Francesca MORBIDELLI, 2012. "Integration policy in the agri-food chains: theory and empirical evidences," Agricultural Economics, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 58(9), pages 409-424.
    3. Gaetano Martino & Daniela Toccaceli & Alessandro Pacciani & Michela Ascani, 2019. "The Interbranch organizations in the cap reform: Institutional nature, opportunities and limits," Economia agro-alimentare, FrancoAngeli Editore, vol. 21(2), pages 315-334.
    4. Martino, Gaetano & Frascarelli, Angelo, 2012. "Adaptation in Food Networks: Theoretical Frame Work and Empirical Evidences," 2012 International European Forum, February 13-17, 2012, Innsbruck-Igls, Austria 144981, International European Forum on System Dynamics and Innovation in Food Networks.

  8. Arne Nygaard & Harald Biong, 2010. "Erratum to: The Influence of Retail Management’s Use of Social Power on Corporate Ethical Values, Employee Commitment, and Performance," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 97(3), pages 339-339, December.

    Cited by:

    1. Dheeraj Sharma, 2018. "When Fairness is Not Enough: Impact of Corporate Ethical Values on Organizational Citizenship Behaviors and Worker Alienation," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 150(1), pages 57-68, June.
    2. Wioleta Kucharska, 2020. "Employee Commitment Matters for CSR Practice, Reputation and Corporate Brand Performance—European Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-16, January.
    3. He Peng & Feng Wei, 2020. "How and When Does Leader Behavioral Integrity Influence Employee Voice? The Roles of Team Independence Climate and Corporate Ethical Values," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 166(3), pages 505-521, October.
    4. Shanyong Wang & Hualong Wang & Jing Wang, 2019. "Exploring the effects of institutional pressures on the implementation of environmental management accounting: Do top management support and perceived benefit work?," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 28(1), pages 233-243, January.
    5. Shanyong Wang & Jun Li & Dingtao Zhao, 2018. "Institutional Pressures and Environmental Management Practices: The Moderating Effects of Environmental Commitment and Resource Availability," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 27(1), pages 52-69, January.
    6. Choudhary, Piyush & Kumar Jain, Nikunj & Panda, Abinash, 2022. "Making small and medium enterprises circular economy compliant by reducing the single use plastic consumption," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 448-462.
    7. Vincent Didiek Wiet Aryanto & Yohan Wismantoro & Yudith Vega Paramitadevi, 2020. "The Climate Change Issue towards Behavioral Intentions: A Perspective of Social Marketing," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 10(2), pages 483-490.
    8. Annie Ng Cheng San & M. Krishna Moorthy & Choe Kum Lung, 2012. "Perceived Social Power and Audit Committee Effectiveness in Malaysia: The Conceptual Model," International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, Human Resource Management Academic Research Society, International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, vol. 2(1), pages 162-175, January.
    9. Francesco Perrini & Angeloantonio Russo & Antonio Tencati & Clodia Vurro, 2011. "Deconstructing the Relationship Between Corporate Social and Financial Performance," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 102(1), pages 59-76, March.
    10. Weihui Fu & Satish Deshpande, 2014. "The Impact of Caring Climate, Job Satisfaction, and Organizational Commitment on Job Performance of Employees in a China’s Insurance Company," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 124(2), pages 339-349, October.
    11. Ngai, Eric W.T. & Tao, Spencer S.C. & Moon, Karen K.L., 2015. "Social media research: Theories, constructs, and conceptual frameworks," International Journal of Information Management, Elsevier, vol. 35(1), pages 33-44.
    12. Kanze, Dana & Conley, Mark A. & Higgins, E. Tory, 2021. "The motivation of mission statements: How regulatory mode influences workplace discrimination," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Elsevier, vol. 166(C), pages 84-103.
    13. Nikunj Kumar Jain & Abinash Panda & Piyush Choudhary, 2020. "Institutional pressures and circular economy performance: The role of environmental management system and organizational flexibility in oil and gas sector," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 29(8), pages 3509-3525, December.
    14. Minseong Kim & Ho-Seok Kim, 2022. "Corporate Social Responsibility: What Are Foodservice Companies Reporting?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-18, July.
    15. Hwan-Yann Su, 2014. "Business Ethics and the Development of Intellectual Capital," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 119(1), pages 87-98, January.
    16. Mbaye Fall Diallo & Christine Lambey-Checchin, 2017. "Consumers’ Perceptions of Retail Business Ethics and Loyalty to the Retailer: The Moderating Role of Social Discount Practices," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 141(3), pages 435-449, March.
    17. Guler Aras & Paul F. Williams, 2022. "Integrated Reporting and Integrated Thinking: Proposing a Reporting Model That Induces More Responsible Use of Corporate Power," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-19, March.

  9. Dahlstrom, Robert & Haugland, Sven A. & Nygaard, Arne & Rokkan, Aksel I., 2009. "Governance structures in the hotel industry," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 62(8), pages 841-847, August.

    Cited by:

    1. Utgård, Jakob & Nygaard, Arne & Dahlstrom, Robert, 2015. "Franchising, local market characteristics and alcohol sales to minors," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 68(10), pages 2117-2124.
    2. Paswan, Audhesh K. & Hirunyawipada, Tanawat & Iyer, Pramod, 2017. "Opportunism, governance structure and relational norms: An interactive perspective," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 131-139.
    3. Shih‐Chuan Lin & Yoo Ri Kim, 2021. "Heterogeneous effects of hotel ownership structure changes on localized market competition using multilevel mixed‐effect analyses," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 42(4), pages 808-820, June.
    4. Vicente Safón & Alejandro Escribá-Esteve, 2011. "Antecedents and consequences of external risk perception in franchising: evidence from the hospitality industry," Service Business, Springer;Pan-Pacific Business Association, vol. 5(3), pages 237-257, September.
    5. Päivi Karhunen & Svetlana Ledyaeva, 2021. "Is Chain Affiliation a Strategic Asset or Constraint in Emerging Economies? Competitive Strategies and Performance in the Russian Hotel Industry," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 61(3), pages 403-427, June.
    6. Fang Deng & Chunbo Zhou, 2022. "Sustainable Development of Corporate Governance in the Hospitality and Tourism Industry: The Evolution and the Future," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-19, April.
    7. Bénet, Nathalie & Deville, Aude & Raïes, Karine & Valette-Florence, Pierre, 2022. "Turning non-financial performance measurements into financial performance: The usefulness of front-office staff incentive systems in hotels," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 317-327.
    8. Muriel Fadairo & Cintya Lanchimba, 2012. "Performance in distribution systems : What is the influence of the upstream firm's organizational choices ?," Working Papers halshs-00727382, HAL.
    9. Jakob Utgård, 2018. "Retail Chains’ Corporate Social Responsibility Communication," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 147(2), pages 385-400, January.
    10. Peters, Frank, 2018. "The business of video games is a multi-player game : Essays on governance choices and performance in a two-sided market in the cultural industries," Other publications TiSEM 886b3148-4bbb-4ea4-b666-0, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    11. Muriel Fadairo & Cintya Lanchimba Lopez, 2012. "Performance in distribution systems : What is the influence of the upstream firm’s organizational choices ?," Working Papers 1224, Groupe d'Analyse et de Théorie Economique Lyon St-Étienne (GATE Lyon St-Étienne), Université de Lyon.
    12. Yang, Yang & Mao, Zhenxing (Eddie), 2017. "Do independent hotels benefit from the presence of branded ones?," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 108-117.
    13. Tran, Phuong Nguyen Thu & Gorton, Matthew & Lemke, Fred, 2021. "When supplier development initiatives fail: Identifying the causes of opportunism and unexpected outcomes," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 277-289.
    14. Guo, Shiau-Ling, 2023. "The governance implication of the geographic concentration of franchise activities for franchise relationships," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).

  10. Kidwell, Roland E. & Nygaard, Arne & Silkoset, Ragnhild, 2007. "Antecedents and effects of free riding in the franchisor-franchisee relationship," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 22(4), pages 522-544, July.

    Cited by:

    1. Itai Ater & Oren Rigbi, 2015. "Price control and advertising in franchising chains," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 36(1), pages 148-158, January.
    2. Meiseberg, Brinja & Perrigot, Rozenn, 2020. "Pricing-based practices, conflicts and performance in franchising," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 38(6), pages 939-955.
    3. Griessmair, Michele & Hussain, Dildar & Windsperger, Josef, 2014. "Trust and the tendency towards multi-unit franchising: A relational governance view," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 67(11), pages 2337-2345.
    4. Melih Madanoglu, 2018. "Theories of economic and social exchange in entrepreneurial partnerships: an agenda for future research," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 14(3), pages 649-656, September.
    5. Utgård, Jakob & Nygaard, Arne & Dahlstrom, Robert, 2015. "Franchising, local market characteristics and alcohol sales to minors," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 68(10), pages 2117-2124.
    6. George Hendrikse & Patrick Hippmann & Josef Windsperger, 2015. "Trust, transaction costs and contractual incompleteness in franchising," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 44(4), pages 867-888, April.
    7. Evelien P. M. Croonen & Maryse J. Brand & Eelko K. R. E. Huizingh, 2016. "To be entrepreneurial, or not to be entrepreneurial? Explaining differences in franchisee entrepreneurial behavior within a franchise system," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 12(2), pages 531-553, June.
    8. Vanesa Solís-Rodríguez & Manuel González-Díaz, 2019. "Prior interactions and contractual completeness in Spanish franchising," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 53(3), pages 795-812, October.
    9. Arne Nygaard & Harald Biong, 2010. "The Influence of Retail Management’s Use of Social Power on Corporate Ethical Values, Employee Commitment, and Performance," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 97(1), pages 87-108, November.
    10. Maryse J. Brand & Evelien P. M. Croonen & Roger T. A. J. Leenders, 2018. "Entrepreneurial networking: a blessing or a curse? Differential effects for low, medium and high performing franchisees," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 50(4), pages 783-805, April.
    11. Sawant, Rajeev J. & Hada, Mahima & Blanchard, Simon J., 2021. "Contractual Discrimination in Franchise Relationships," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 97(3), pages 405-423.
    12. Begoña López-Fernández & Susana López-Bayón, 2018. "Antecedents of early terminations in franchising: franchisor versus franchisee cancelations," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 50(4), pages 677-695, April.
    13. Catherine Allix-Desfautaux & Magali Chaudey & Muriel Fadairo & Nabil Khelil & Anne-Laure Le Nadant & Frédéric Perdreau & Fanny Simon-Lee, 2014. "Conditions d'émergence et de diffusion de l'innovation au sein des réseaux de franchise," Working Papers hal-01675707, HAL.
    14. S. Verbieren & M. Cools & A. Van den Abbeele, 2008. "Franchising. A Literature Review on Management and Control Issues," Review of Business and Economic Literature, KU Leuven, Faculty of Economics and Business (FEB), Review of Business and Economic Literature, vol. 0(4), pages 398-443.
    15. Semrau, Thorsten & Biemann, Torsten, 2022. "When sergeants can outrank generals: Person-organization fit and the performance of franchisees as agents of their franchisor," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 37(2).
    16. Odile Chanut & Gilles Paché, 2011. "Psychological contract: understanding and prolonging a franchise relationship [Le contrat psychologique : comprendre et pérenniser une relation de franchise]," Post-Print hal-01757078, HAL.
    17. Jakob Utgård, 2018. "Retail Chains’ Corporate Social Responsibility Communication," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 147(2), pages 385-400, January.
    18. Courtenay Atwell, 2015. "The Franchisee as a Consumer: Determining the Optimal Duration of Pre-Contractual Disclosure," Journal of Consumer Policy, Springer, vol. 38(4), pages 457-489, December.
    19. William E. Gillis & James G. Combs & David J. Ketchen Jr., 2014. "Using Resource–Based Theory to Help Explain Plural Form Franchising," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 38(3), pages 449-472, May.
    20. Vázquez-Suárez, Luis & Mejía-Vásquez, Pericles Ramón & Serafim da Silva, Sheila & Sánchez-Gómez, Roberto, 2022. "Gender’s moderating role in the relationship between organisational form and performance in the Spanish supermarket industry," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    21. Nguyen, Thang V. & Rose, Jerman, 2009. "Building trust--Evidence from Vietnamese entrepreneurs," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 24(2), pages 165-182, March.
    22. Alessandro Giudici & James G. Combs & Benedetto Lorenzo Cannatelli & Brett R. Smith, 2020. "Successful Scaling in Social Franchising: The Case of Impact Hub," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 44(2), pages 288-314, March.
    23. Jung Hwan Koh & Christian Rojas, 2022. "Multi‐unit ownership and market power: A study of the lodging industry in Texas," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 43(8), pages 4087-4105, December.
    24. Cliquet, Gérard & Pénard, Thierry, 2012. "Plural form franchise networks: A test of Bradach’s model," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 19(1), pages 159-167.
    25. Watson, Anna & Dada, Olufunmilola (Lola) & Grünhagen, Marko & Wollan, Melody L., 2016. "When do franchisors select entrepreneurial franchisees? An organizational identity perspective," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 69(12), pages 5934-5945.
    26. Davies, Mark A.P. & Lassar, Walfried & Manolis, Chris & Prince, Melvin & Winsor, Robert D., 2011. "A model of trust and compliance in franchise relationships," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 26(3), pages 321-340, May.
    27. Nyadzayo, Munyaradzi W. & Matanda, Margaret J. & Ewing, Michael T., 2015. "The impact of franchisor support, brand commitment, brand citizenship behavior, and franchisee experience on franchisee-perceived brand image," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 68(9), pages 1886-1894.
    28. Karlijn Jojanneke Nijmeijer & Isabelle Natalina Fabbricotti & Robbert Huijsman, 2015. "Creating Advantages with Franchising in Healthcare: An Explorative Mixed Methods Study on the Role of the Relationship between the Franchisor and Units," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(2), pages 1-21, February.
    29. Xue, Jinjie & Yuan, Hongping & Shi, Benshan, 2016. "Investigating partners' opportunistic behavior in joint ventures in China: The role of transaction costs and relational exchanges," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 69(12), pages 6067-6078.
    30. Hadjielias, Elias & Dada, Olufunmilola (Lola) & Eliades, Kostas, 2021. "Entrepreneurial process in international multiunit franchise outlets: A social capital perspective," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 13-28.
    31. Erceg, Aleksandar & Boškovska, Vera, 2020. "Franchising In Macedonia – Opportunities And Threats," UTMS Journal of Economics, University of Tourism and Management, Skopje, Macedonia, vol. 11(2), pages 171-182.
    32. Eunkyung Lee & Ji-Hern Kim & Chang Seop Rhee, 2021. "Effects of Marketing Decisions on Brand Equity and Franchise Performance," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-15, March.
    33. Liu, Jia & Lister, Roger & Pang, Dong, 2013. "Corporate evolution following initial public offerings in China: A life-course approach," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 27(C), pages 1-20.
    34. Block, Sidney & Friebel, Guido & Heinz, Matthias & Zubanov, Nick, 2023. "Mystery Shopping as a Strategic Management Practice in Multi-Site Service Firms," VfS Annual Conference 2023 (Regensburg): Growth and the "sociale Frage" 277715, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    35. Wang, Jeff Jianfeng & Grünhagen, Marko & Ji, Li (Jenny) & Zheng, Xu (Vivian), 2020. "Conflict Aftermath: Dispute Resolution and Financial Performance in Franchising," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 96(4), pages 548-562.
    36. Vanesa Solis-Rodriguez & Manuel Gonzalez-Diaz, 2016. "Provisions to Be Negotiated in Franchise Contracts: The Case of Spanish Chains," Journal of Business Administration Research, Journal of Business Administration Research, Sciedu Press, vol. 5(2), pages 66-82, October.
    37. Anant Deshpande & David Tsai, 2021. "Managing a Mission-driven Franchise Organization: An Empirical Investigation of Organizational Practice and Individual Outcomes," Global Business Review, International Management Institute, vol. 22(2), pages 311-347, April.
    38. Roland E. Kidwell & Arne Nygaard, 2011. "A Strategic Deviance Perspective on the Franchise Form of Organizing," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 35(3), pages 467-482, May.
    39. Chabowski, Brian R. & Hult, G. Tomas M. & Mena, Jeannette A., 2011. "The Retailing Literature as a Basis for Franchising Research: Using Intellectual Structure to Advance Theory," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 87(3), pages 269-284.
    40. Tashlin Lakhani, 2022. "How and Why Does Franchise Ownership Affect Human Resource Practices? Evidence from the US Hotel Industry," ILR Review, Cornell University, ILR School, vol. 75(2), pages 321-347, March.
    41. Karim Mignonac & Christian Vandenberghe & Rozenn Perrigot & Assâad El Akremi & Olivier Herrbach, 2015. "A Multi–Study Investigation of Outcomes of Franchisees’ Affective Commitment to Their Franchise Organization," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 39(3), pages 461-488, May.
    42. Muriel Fadairo & Cintya Lanchimba, 2014. "Organizational choices and performance in distribution systems," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 46(14), pages 1609-1623, May.
    43. Gillis, William E. & Combs, James G. & Yin, Xiaoli, 2020. "Franchise management capabilities and franchisor performance under alternative franchise ownership strategies," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 35(1).
    44. Hennart, Jean-François, 2010. "Transaction Cost Theory and International Business," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 86(3), pages 257-269.

  11. Haugland, Sven A. & Myrtveit, Ingunn & Nygaard, Arne, 2007. "Market orientation and performance in the service industry: A data envelopment analysis," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 60(11), pages 1191-1197, November.

    Cited by:

    1. Dev K. Dutta & Vishal K. Gupta & Xiujian Chen, 2016. "A Tale of Three Strategic Orientations: A Moderated-Mediation Framework of the Impact of Entrepreneurial Orientation, Market Orientation, and Learning Orientation on Firm Performance," Journal of Enterprising Culture (JEC), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 24(03), pages 313-348, September.
    2. Diego Monferrer & Maria Ripolles & Andreu Blesa, 2012. "Competitiveness through strategic orientation," Tržište/Market, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Zagreb, vol. 24(2), pages 163-185.
    3. Hanyu Zhu & Kailing Zhang & Gang Li & Lin Chen & Xijie Zhao, 2022. "Relationship Management Capability and Service Innovation Performance: The Joint-Effect of Relationship Learning and Competitive Intensity," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-22, September.
    4. Seyed Mohammad FATEMINEJAD & Fatemeh BAGHERI & Hannan Amuzadeh MEHDIRAJI & Reza GHAFFARITABAR, 2012. "Subsystem Strategy Setting for Iran Local Market:Benchmarking Approach," Economics and Applied Informatics, "Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, issue 3, pages 85-92.
    5. Patrik Jangl, 2015. "Relationship Between Market Orientation and Business Performance in Czech and German High-Tech Firms," Tržište/Market, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Zagreb, vol. 27(2), pages 153-170.
    6. Kozielski Robert, 2016. "Determinants of Business Success – Theoretical Model and Empirical Verification," Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia, Sciendo, vol. 16(1), pages 274-285, December.
    7. Huang, Chin-wei & Ho, Foo Nin & Chiu, Yung-ho, 2014. "Measurement of tourist hotels׳ productive efficiency, occupancy, and catering service effectiveness using a modified two-stage DEA model in Taiwan," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 49-59.
    8. Rahman, Mahabubur & Lambkin, Mary & Hussain, Dildar, 2016. "Value creation and appropriation following M&A: A data envelopment analysis," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 69(12), pages 5628-5635.
    9. Mahmoud Abdulai Mahmoud & Charles Blankson & Robert E. Hinson, 2017. "Market orientation and corporate social responsibility: towards an integrated conceptual framework," International Journal of Corporate Social Responsibility, Springer, vol. 2(1), pages 1-15, December.
    10. Amézquita, Juan C. & Puig, Francisco & Royo-Vela, Marcelo, 2022. "Location, market orientation, and firm performance: An analysis of the Colombian healthcare industry," TEC Empresarial, School of Business, Costa Rica Institute of Technology (ITCR), vol. 16(3), pages 34-54.
    11. Paul Amadieu & Jean-Laurent Viviani, 2010. "Intangibles Effort and Performance: The Case of the French Wine Industry," Post-Print hal-00840142, HAL.
    12. Li-Ting Yeh, 2017. "Incorporating Workplace Injury to Measure the Safety Performance of Industrial Sectors in Taiwan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(12), pages 1-14, December.
    13. Casanueva, Cristóbal & Gallego, Ángeles & Castro, Ignacio & Sancho, María, 2014. "Airline alliances: Mobilizing network resources," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 88-98.
    14. Manuel Espitia‐Escuer & Lucia Isabel Garcia‐Cebrian, 2020. "Efficiency of football teams from an organisation management perspective," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 41(3), pages 321-338, April.
    15. Pradeep Kumar Mohanty & N. Senthil Kumar, 2017. "Measuring farmer’s satisfaction and brand loyalty toward Indian fertilizer brands using DEA," Journal of Brand Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 24(5), pages 467-488, October.
    16. Herhausen, Dennis, 2016. "Unfolding the ambidextrous effects of proactive and responsive market orientation," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 69(7), pages 2585-2593.
    17. Salunke, Sandeep & Weerawardena, Jay & McColl-Kennedy, Janet R., 2013. "Competing through service innovation: The role of bricolage and entrepreneurship in project-oriented firms," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 66(8), pages 1085-1097.
    18. Aliyu Mukhtar Shehu & Rosli Mahmood, 2014. "An Empirical Analysis of Market Orientation and Business Performance Relationship in the Context of Developing Economy," International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, Human Resource Management Academic Research Society, International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, vol. 4(9), pages 219-232, September.
    19. Antonio Carrizo Moreira & Pedro Miguel Silva, 2013. "Market orientation, innovation and organizational commitment in industrial firms," Tržište/Market, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Zagreb, vol. 25(2), pages 123-142.
    20. Richard Glavee-Geo & Per Engelseth & Arnt Buvik, 2022. "Power Imbalance and the Dark Side of the Captive Agri-food Supplier–Buyer Relationship," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 178(3), pages 609-628, July.
    21. Makridou, Georgia & Doumpos, Michalis & Galariotis, Emilios, 2019. "The financial performance of firms participating in the EU emissions trading scheme," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 250-259.
    22. Avkiran, Necmi K. & Thoraneenitiyan, Nakhun, 2010. "Purging data before productivity analysis," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 63(3), pages 294-302, March.
    23. Eleni Dimitriadou & Asimina Kouriati & Sofia Karampela & Anna Tafidou & Thomas Bournaris, 2023. "The Three Dimensions of Small Accommodation Businesses and Their Efficiency," Tourism and Hospitality, MDPI, vol. 4(3), pages 1-16, August.
    24. Pilar Alberca & Laura Parte, 2020. "Efficiency in the Holiday and Other Short-Stay Accommodation Industry," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-22, November.
    25. Assaf, A. George & Josiassen, Alexander & Gillen, David, 2014. "Measuring firm performance: Bayesian estimates with good and bad outputs," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 67(6), pages 1249-1256.

  12. Arne Nygaard & Ingunn Myrtveit, 2000. "Moral hazard, competition and contract design: empirical evidence from managerial, franchised and entrepreneurial businesses in Norway," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 32(3), pages 349-356.

    Cited by:

    1. Utgård, Jakob & Nygaard, Arne & Dahlstrom, Robert, 2015. "Franchising, local market characteristics and alcohol sales to minors," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 68(10), pages 2117-2124.
    2. Charles Zech, 2007. "The Agency Relationship in Churches: An Empirical Analysis," American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 66(4), pages 727-746, October.
    3. Ozgur Arslan-Ayaydin & Darold Barnum & Mehmet Baha Karan & Atilla Hakan Ozdemir, 2014. "How is Moral Hazard Related to Financing R&D and Innovations?," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(4), pages 111-131.
    4. Dahlstrom, Robert & Haugland, Sven A. & Nygaard, Arne & Rokkan, Aksel I., 2009. "Governance structures in the hotel industry," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 62(8), pages 841-847, August.
    5. Roland Kirstein & Annette Kirstein, 2007. "Inefficient Intra-Firm Incentives Can Stabilize Cartels in Cournot Oligopolies," FEMM Working Papers 07004, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Faculty of Economics and Management.
    6. Garry D. Bruton & Salim Chahine & Igor Filatotchev, 2009. "Founders, Private Equity Investors, and Underpricing in Entrepreneurial IPOs," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 33(4), pages 909-928, July.

  13. Manolis, Chris & Nygaard, Arne & Stillerud, Bård, 1997. "Uncertainty and vertical control: An international investigation," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 6(5), pages 501-518, October.

    Cited by:

    1. François-Xavier Mayegle & Georges Wandji, 2017. "The Influence of Environmental Contingency on Management Control Practices in Economies Without Financial Markets: The Case of Cameroon," Noble International Journal of Economics and Financial Research, Noble Academic Publsiher, vol. 2(7), pages 98-112, July.
    2. Asmussen, Christian G. & Benito, Gabriel R.G. & Petersen, Bent, 2009. "Organizing foreign market activities: From entry mode choice to configuration decisions," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 18(2), pages 145-155, April.

  14. Dahlstrom, R & Nygaard, A, 1993. "Market structure and integration in the Norwegian oil industry," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 21(2), pages 199-203, March.

    Cited by:

    1. Manolis, Chris & Nygaard, Arne & Stillerud, Bård, 1997. "Uncertainty and vertical control: An international investigation," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 6(5), pages 501-518, October.

  15. Nygaard, Arne & Dahlstrom, Robert, 1992. "Multinational company strategy and host country policy," Scandinavian Journal of Management, Elsevier, vol. 8(1), pages 3-13.

    Cited by:

    1. Manolis, Chris & Nygaard, Arne & Stillerud, Bård, 1997. "Uncertainty and vertical control: An international investigation," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 6(5), pages 501-518, October.
    2. Narula, Rajneesh, 2002. "Innovation systems and 'inertia' in R&D location: Norwegian firms and the role of systemic lock-in," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 31(5), pages 795-816, July.
    3. Ángel Calvo, 2022. "Japanese ICT multinationals in Southern Europe by the end of the twentieth century: Fujitsu in Spain," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 13(2), pages 1341-1373, June.
    4. Arne Nygaard, 2023. "The Geopolitical Risk and Strategic Uncertainty of Green Growth after the Ukraine Invasion: How the Circular Economy Can Decrease the Market Power of and Resource Dependency on Critical Minerals," Circular Economy and Sustainability,, Springer.
    5. Svendsen, Mons Freng & Haugland, Sven A., 2011. "Host country institutional pressures and cross-border relationship governance," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 20(3), pages 324-337, June.

More information

Research fields, statistics, top rankings, if available.

Statistics

Access and download statistics for all items

Corrections

All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. For general information on how to correct material on RePEc, see these instructions.

To update listings or check citations waiting for approval, Arne Nygaard should log into the RePEc Author Service.

To make corrections to the bibliographic information of a particular item, find the technical contact on the abstract page of that item. There, details are also given on how to add or correct references and citations.

To link different versions of the same work, where versions have a different title, use this form. Note that if the versions have a very similar title and are in the author's profile, the links will usually be created automatically.

Please note that most corrections can take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.