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Output Set, Convexity, Specialization And Trade In The Absence Of Comparative Advantages

Author

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  • SHUNTIAN YAO

    (School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore)

Abstract

Classical trade theory is based on exogenous comparative advantage. The existence of equilibrium is derived under the assumption that the output sets are (weakly) convex. In general, however, in the presence of transaction costs or in the case of production techniques with increasing returns to scale, this convexity requirement is no longer satisfied, and the comparative advantage may also disappear.Pioneered by Arrow, Ng and Yang, some researches have been done on specialization and trade in the absence of comparative advantages, and the basic assumption is that the agents have production techniques with increasing returns to scale.In this paper it is pointed out that, with more than one factor of production, increasing returns to scale is no longer sufficient for promoting specialization and trade. Based on the property of the output set and the PPF, the author proposes some new criteria as sufficient conditions for the promotion of specialization and trade.

Suggested Citation

  • Shuntian Yao, 2006. "Output Set, Convexity, Specialization And Trade In The Absence Of Comparative Advantages," Division of Labor & Transaction Costs (DLTC), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 2(01), pages 15-35.
    • Handle: RePEc:wsi:dltcxx:v:02:y:2006:i:01:n:s0219871106000263
    DOI: 10.1142/S0219871106000263
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Guangzhen Sun & Xiaokai Yang & Shuntian Yao, 1999. "Theoretical Foundation of Economic Development Based on Networking Decisions in the Competitive Market," CID Working Papers 16, Center for International Development at Harvard University.
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    Cited by:

    1. Shuntian Yao & Ke Li, 2008. "Economic Networking And Stability," Pacific Economic Review, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 13(5), pages 632-640, December.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Specialization; increasing returns; concave; convex; semi-convex;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C62 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Mathematical Methods; Programming Models; Mathematical and Simulation Modeling - - - Existence and Stability Conditions of Equilibrium
    • D - Microeconomics
    • E1 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General Aggregative Models
    • F - International Economics
    • F11 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Neoclassical Models of Trade
    • F12 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Models of Trade with Imperfect Competition and Scale Economies; Fragmentation
    • F16 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade and Labor Market Interactions
    • J2 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor
    • J3 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs
    • L - Industrial Organization
    • O - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth

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