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Exploring the impact of a maternal support grant to improve mental health and food security amongst pregnant women in South Africa during the COVID‐19 pandemic

Author

Listed:
  • Christina A. Laurenzi
  • Masedi Menyatsoe
  • Mustafa Shuaib
  • Amanda Edwards
  • Kelly Gemmell
  • Hayli Geffen
  • Mark Tomlinson
  • Anna‐Marie Müller
  • Samuel Manda
  • Kopano M. Mabaso

Abstract

Social protection during pregnancy may support pregnant women struggling to meet basic needs to ensure a healthy pregnancy and buffer negative impacts of multiple adversities. We assessed the effect of a bimonthly digital food voucher, delivered to pregnant women during the COVID‐19 pandemic in the Cape Town area, on their mental health, hunger, and dietary diversity. Pregnant women from antenatal clinics in specific high‐poverty areas were invited to join the voucher program; a subset was recruited for in‐depth telephone interviews. Interviews were conducted before, during, and after voucher distribution. Generalized estimating equations were fit to examine whether each outcome was associated with voucher exposure over time. Of the 205 participants, most were aged 25–34, not recently employed, with at least one child in their household. Approximately 1/3 were first‐time mothers and 32% reported mental health difficulties. Voucher exposure over 12 months was associated with significant reductions in mental health symptoms at midline and endline. Maternal hunger was reduced at midline and endline. High mental health scores were significantly associated with increased maternal hunger after adjusting for potential confounders. This study provides preliminary evidence for income support during pregnancy to shape positive health outcomes in South Africa. 怀孕期间的社会保护能帮助那些努力达到基本需求以确保健康怀孕的孕妇,并缓冲多种逆境带来的负面影响。我们评估了新冠肺炎大流行期间在开普敦地区向孕妇发放的每两个月一次的数字食品券对她们的心理健康、饥饿感和膳食多样性的影响。邀请了来自特定高贫困地区产前诊所的孕妇参加食品券计划;招募了其中一部分人进行深度电话访谈。在食品券发放之前、期间和之后都进行了访谈。广义估计方程适合分析每个结果随时间推移是否与食品券的暴露有关。在205名参与者中,大多数年龄在25‐34岁之间,近期没有工作,家中至少有一个孩子。约1/3的人第一次当母亲,32%的人报告有心理健康问题。12个月内的食品券暴露与“第6个月和第12个月时心理健康症状的显著减少”相关。第6个月和第12个月时产妇的饥饿感降低。调整潜在混杂因素后,心理健康的高评分与“产妇饥饿感的增加”显著相关。本研究为“南非妇女孕期收入支持对健康产生积极影响”一事提供了初步证据 La protección social durante el embarazo puede ayudar a las mujeres embarazadas que luchan por satisfacer sus necesidades básicas para garantizar un embarazo saludable y amortiguar los impactos negativos de múltiples adversidades. Evaluamos el efecto de un vale digital de alimentos bimensual, entregado a mujeres embarazadas durante la pandemia de COVID‐19 en el área de Ciudad del Cabo, sobre su salud mental, hambre y diversidad dietética. Se invitó a mujeres embarazadas de clínicas prenatales en áreas específicas de alta pobreza a unirse al programa de vales; se reclutó un subconjunto para entrevistas telefónicas en profundidad. Las entrevistas se llevaron a cabo antes, durante y después de la distribución de los vales. Se ajustaron ecuaciones de estimación generalizadas para examinar si cada resultado estaba asociado con la exposición al vale a lo largo del tiempo. De los 205 participantes, la mayoría tenían entre 25 y 34 años, no habían trabajado recientemente y tenían al menos un niño en su hogar. Aproximadamente 1/3 eran madres primerizas y el 32% informó dificultades de salud mental. La exposición al vale durante 12 meses se asoció con reducciones significativas en los síntomas de salud mental en la línea media y final. El hambre materna se redujo en la línea media y final. Los altos niveles de salud mental se asociaron significativamente con un aumento del hambre materna después de ajustar los posibles factores de confusión. Este estudio proporciona evidencia preliminar de que el apoyo económico durante el embarazo puede influir en los resultados de salud positivos en Sudáfrica.

Suggested Citation

  • Christina A. Laurenzi & Masedi Menyatsoe & Mustafa Shuaib & Amanda Edwards & Kelly Gemmell & Hayli Geffen & Mark Tomlinson & Anna‐Marie Müller & Samuel Manda & Kopano M. Mabaso, 2024. "Exploring the impact of a maternal support grant to improve mental health and food security amongst pregnant women in South Africa during the COVID‐19 pandemic," Poverty & Public Policy, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 16(3), pages 232-252, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:povpop:v:16:y:2024:i:3:p:232-252
    DOI: 10.1002/pop4.408
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Thandi van Heyningen & Simone Honikman & Mark Tomlinson & Sally Field & Landon Myer, 2018. "Comparison of mental health screening tools for detecting antenatal depression and anxiety disorders in South African women," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(4), pages 1-18, April.
    2. Tsai, Alexander C. & Tomlinson, Mark & Comulada, W. Scott & Rotheram-Borus, Mary Jane, 2016. "Food insufficiency, depression, and the modifying role of social support: Evidence from a population-based, prospective cohort of pregnant women in peri-urban South Africa," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 69-77.
    3. Sudhanshu Handa & Silvio Daidone & Amber Peterman & Benjamin Davis & Audrey Pereira & Tia Palermo & Jennifer Yablonski, 2018. "Myth-Busting? Confronting Six Common Perceptions about Unconditional Cash Transfers as a Poverty Reduction Strategy in Africa," The World Bank Research Observer, World Bank, vol. 33(2), pages 259-298.
    4. González, Libertad & Trommlerová, Sofia, 2022. "Cash transfers before pregnancy and infant health," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
    5. Abigail M Hatcher & Sthembiso Pollen Mkhize & Alexandra Parker & Julia de Kadt, 2022. "Depressive symptoms and violence exposure in a population-based sample of adult women in South Africa," PLOS Global Public Health, Public Library of Science, vol. 2(11), pages 1-11, November.
    6. Connor, Jade & Madhavan, Sarina & Mokashi, Mugdha & Amanuel, Hanna & Johnson, Natasha R. & Pace, Lydia E. & Bartz, Deborah, 2020. "Health risks and outcomes that disproportionately affect women during the Covid-19 pandemic: A review," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 266(C).
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