IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/wly/natres/v49y2025i1p776-799.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Economic and environmental impact of green infrastructures on developing economies: Pakistan a case in point

Author

Listed:
  • Abdul Haseeb Khan Babar
  • Yousaf Ali
  • Ali Gohar

Abstract

Environmental concerns are pressing nations worldwide to embrace greener and sustainable practices in every field. However, the existence of old unplanned cities devoid of greenery and rapid rates of urbanization are becoming a major source of pollution and a constant thorn in the sight of a sustainable future. To deal with these problems, different types of green infrastructures (GI) are introduced in developed nations. Nevertheless, these infrastructures require proper planning and economic investments for implementation, which is a huge hindrance to their adoption in developing countries. Therefore, this study aims to plan and analyze the impact of GI on the environment and the economy if it is introduced in a developing country like Pakistan. Geographic information system is used to analyze the current level of greenery and plan the installation of a new GI in one of the major cities of Pakistan. Furthermore, the reduction in carbon emissions, the environmental and economic benefits of different types of GI are measured and compared with the cost of implementation using techno‐economic analysis. Finally, the payback period and internal rate of return are calculated to check the return of the initial investment. The results show that the economic and environmental benefits of GI surpass the cost of installation by a great margin. Therefore, GI can be a feasible option for sustainable development in other developing countries. The economic and environmental analysis on the practical case study of a developing country like Pakistan are the prime novelties of this study.

Suggested Citation

  • Abdul Haseeb Khan Babar & Yousaf Ali & Ali Gohar, 2025. "Economic and environmental impact of green infrastructures on developing economies: Pakistan a case in point," Natural Resources Forum, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 49(1), pages 776-799, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:natres:v:49:y:2025:i:1:p:776-799
    DOI: 10.1111/1477-8947.12417
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/1477-8947.12417
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1111/1477-8947.12417?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Xiaoping Xie & Hanna Kang & Martin Behnisch & Martin Baildon & Tobias Krüger, 2020. "To What Extent Can the Green Belts Prevent Urban Sprawl?—A Comparative Study of Frankfurt am Main, London and Seoul," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-13, January.
    2. Chad Staddon & Sarah Ward & Laura Vito & Adriana Zuniga-Teran & Andrea K. Gerlak & Yolandi Schoeman & Aimee Hart & Giles Booth, 2018. "Contributions of green infrastructure to enhancing urban resilience," Environment Systems and Decisions, Springer, vol. 38(3), pages 330-338, September.
    3. García Sánchez, Francisco & Govindarajulu, Dhanapal, 2023. "Integrating blue-green infrastructure in urban planning for climate adaptation: Lessons from Chennai and Kochi, India," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 124(C).
    4. Ghazala Aziz & Rida Waheed & Suleman Sarwar & Mohd Saeed Khan, 2022. "The Significance of Governance Indicators to Achieve Carbon Neutrality: A New Insight of Life Expectancy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-20, December.
    5. Liberalesso, Tiago & Oliveira Cruz, Carlos & Matos Silva, Cristina & Manso, Maria, 2020. "Green infrastructure and public policies: An international review of green roofs and green walls incentives," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 96(C).
    6. Lei, Yayuan & Flacke, Johannes & Schwarz, Nina, 2021. "Does Urban planning affect urban growth pattern? A case study of Shenzhen, China," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 101(C).
    7. Gough, Rebecca & Dickerson, Charles & Rowley, Paul & Walsh, Chris, 2017. "Vehicle-to-grid feasibility: A techno-economic analysis of EV-based energy storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 192(C), pages 12-23.
    8. Saud, Shah & Haseeb, Abdul & Zafar, Muhammad Wasif & Li, Huiyun, 2023. "Articulating natural resource abundance, economic complexity, education and environmental sustainability in MENA countries: Evidence from advanced panel estimation," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Zhang, Chengquan & Kitamura, Hiroshi & Goto, Mika, 2024. "Feasibility of vehicle-to-grid (V2G) implementation in Japan: A regional analysis of the electricity supply and demand adjustment market," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 311(C).
    2. Bogdanov, Dmitrii & Breyer, Christian, 2024. "Role of smart charging of electric vehicles and vehicle-to-grid in integrated renewables-based energy systems on country level," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 301(C).
    3. Minjing Yang & Cosimo Magazzino & Abraham Ayobamiji Awosusi & Navzodbek Abdulloev, 2024. "Determinants of Load capacity factor in BRICS countries: A panel data analysis," Natural Resources Forum, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 48(2), pages 525-548, May.
    4. Hui Yang & Xiangda Xu, 2024. "Coupling and Coordination Analysis of Digital Economy and Green Agricultural Development: Evidence from Major Grain Producing Areas in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-29, May.
    5. Susca, T. & Zanghirella, F. & Colasuonno, L. & Del Fatto, V., 2022. "Effect of green wall installation on urban heat island and building energy use: A climate-informed systematic literature review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    6. Tao Ge & Yuan Chen, 2025. "Interregional Environmental Policy Coordination, Natural Resource Endowment, and Green Economic Development: A Quantitative Analysis of China’s Policy Tests," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(2), pages 1-23, January.
    7. Ya, Du & Quddus, Abdul & Feng, Minhong & Ullah, Ehsan & Ameer, Waqar, 2024. "Assessing the impact of fiscal policy and natural resources on environmental degradation in BRICS countries: A resource management perspective," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    8. Lefeng, Shi & Shengnan, Lv & Chunxiu, Liu & Yue, Zhou & Cipcigan, Liana & Acker, Thomas L., 2020. "A framework for electric vehicle power supply chain development," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    9. Dengkuo Sun & Yuefeng Lu & Yong Qin & Miao Lu & Zhenqi Song & Ziqi Ding, 2024. "Method for Evaluating Urban Building Renewal Potential Based on Multimachine Learning Integration: A Case Study of Longgang and Longhua Districts in Shenzhen," Land, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-23, December.
    10. Alexandra Jane Crossley & Alessio Russo, 2022. "Has the Pandemic Altered Public Perception of How Local Green Spaces Affect Quality of Life in the United Kingdom?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-14, June.
    11. Kuang, Yanqing & Chen, Yang & Hu, Mengqi & Yang, Dong, 2017. "Influence analysis of driver behavior and building category on economic performance of electric vehicle to grid and building integration," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 207(C), pages 427-437.
    12. Menzori, Ivan Damasco & Sousa, Isabel Cristina Nunes de & Gonçalves, Luciana Márcia, 2021. "Urban growth management and territorial governance approaches: A master plans conformance analysis," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 105(C).
    13. Nunes, Pedro & Brito, M.C., 2017. "Displacing natural gas with electric vehicles for grid stabilization," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 87-96.
    14. Monica Arnaudo & Monika Topel & Björn Laumert, 2020. "Vehicle-To-Grid for Peak Shaving to Unlock the Integration of Distributed Heat Pumps in a Swedish Neighborhood," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-13, April.
    15. Pearre, Nathaniel S. & Ribberink, Hajo, 2019. "Review of research on V2X technologies, strategies, and operations," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 105(C), pages 61-70.
    16. Noszczyk, Tomasz & Gorzelany, Julia & Kukulska-Kozieł, Anita & Hernik, Józef, 2022. "The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the importance of urban green spaces to the public," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C).
    17. Goharshadi, Elaheh K. & Vojdani Saghir, Siavosh & Niazi, Zohreh & Shafaee, Masoomeh & Sajjadizadeh, Halimeh-Sadat & Karimi-Nazarabad, Mahdi & Peighambari-kalat, Saeid & Goharshadi, Kimiya & Nejati, Ma, 2025. "Functionalized wood sponges: Advanced biomass materials for renewable energies, freshwater production, energy storage, and environmental remediation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 209(C).
    18. Brinkel, N.B.G. & Schram, W.L. & AlSkaif, T.A. & Lampropoulos, I. & van Sark, W.G.J.H.M., 2020. "Should we reinforce the grid? Cost and emission optimization of electric vehicle charging under different transformer limits," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 276(C).
    19. Madani, Seyyedreza & Pineau, Pierre-Olivier, 2024. "Investment in vehicle-to-grid and distributed energy resources: Distributor versus prosumer perspectives and the impact of rate structures," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 88(C).
    20. Hanny Chandra Pratama & Theerawat Sinsiri & Aphai Chapirom, 2023. "Green Roof Development in ASEAN Countries: The Challenges and Perspectives," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-26, May.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:wly:natres:v:49:y:2025:i:1:p:776-799. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Wiley Content Delivery (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://doi.org/10.1111/(ISSN)1477-8947 .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.