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Moving into and out of poor urban areas

Author

Listed:
  • Edward Gramlich
  • Deborah Laren
  • Naomi Sealand

Abstract

Newly available geographical information from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) is used to estimate a variety of relationships involving high-poverty metropolitan census tracts. The longitudinal data from the PSID show a great deal of geographical mobility even for persistently poor adults, with as many as one fourth of certain groups of these entering and leaving poor urban census tracts in a year. At the same time, solution of the transition matrices for various groups-whites and blacks of various income classes, in families with and without children, living in different types of census tracts-in the early 1980s shows the gradual emptying out of poor urban tracts, particularly of whites and blacks in families without children. As a consequence, despite the great degree of geographical “churning,” poor urban areas gradually become poorer, blacker, and the home of a larger share of black families with children. Some of these aggregate trends had been noticed by researchers comparing these areas in the 1970 and 1980 censuses; our more up-to-date results demonstrate the relationships between the micro and macro data.

Suggested Citation

  • Edward Gramlich & Deborah Laren & Naomi Sealand, 1992. "Moving into and out of poor urban areas," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 11(2), pages 273-287.
    • Handle: RePEc:wly:jpamgt:v:11:y:1992:i:2:p:273-287
    DOI: 10.2307/3325368
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    Cited by:

    1. Do, D. Phuong, 2009. "The dynamics of income and neighborhood context for population health: Do long-term measures of socioeconomic status explain more of the black/white health disparity than single-point-in-time measures," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 68(8), pages 1368-1375, April.
    2. repec:pri:crcwel:wp98-04-pettit is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Xavier de Souza Briggs & Benjamin J. Keys, 2009. "Has Exposure to Poor Neighbourhoods Changed in America? Race, Risk and Housing Locations in Two Decades," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 46(2), pages 429-458, February.
    4. L. Quillian, "undated". "How Long Do African Americans Stay in High-Poverty Neighborhoods? An Analysis of Spells," Institute for Research on Poverty Discussion Papers 1203-00, University of Wisconsin Institute for Research on Poverty.
    5. Lahr, Michael L. & Gibbs, Robert M., 2002. "Mobility of Section 8 families in Alameda County," Journal of Housing Economics, Elsevier, vol. 11(3), pages 187-213, September.
    6. Jae Sik Jeon, 2020. "Moving away from opportunity? Social networks and access to social services," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 57(8), pages 1696-1713, June.
    7. Becky Pettit, 2000. "Moving and Children's Social Connections: The Critical Importance of Context," Working Papers 994, Princeton University, School of Public and International Affairs, Center for Research on Child Wellbeing..
    8. William A. V. Clark & Philip S. Morrison, 2012. "Socio-spatial Mobility and Residential Sorting: Evidence from a Large-scale Survey," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 49(15), pages 3253-3270, November.
    9. Scott South & Kyle Crowder, 1997. "Residential mobility between cities and suburbs: race, suburbanization, and back-to-the-city moves," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 34(4), pages 525-538, November.
    10. Brett Theodos & Claudia J. Coulton & Rob Pitingolo, 2015. "Housing Unit Turnover and the Socioeconomic Mix of Low-Income Neighborhoods," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 660(1), pages 117-135, July.
    11. Ludwig, Jens, 1999. "Information and inner city educational attainment," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 18(1), pages 17-30, February.
    12. L. Quillian, "undated". "Migration Patterns and the Growth of High-Poverty Neighborhoods, 1970–1990," Institute for Research on Poverty Discussion Papers 1172-98, University of Wisconsin Institute for Research on Poverty.
    13. Andrew Schouten, 2021. "Residential mobility and the geography of low-income households," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 58(9), pages 1846-1865, July.
    14. William Clark & Regan Maas, 2016. "Spatial mobility and opportunity in Australia: Residential selection and neighbourhood connections," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 53(6), pages 1317-1331, May.
    15. Frenette, Marc & Picot, Garnett & Sceviour, Roger, 2004. "When do they leave? The dynamics of living in low-income neighbourhoods," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 56(3), pages 484-504, November.
    16. Jeffrey Timberlake, 2009. "“Scratchin’ and Surviving” or “Movin’ on Up?” Two Sources of Change in Children’s Neighborhood SES," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 28(2), pages 195-219, April.
    17. Ying Huang & Scott J. South & Amy Spring & Kyle Crowder, 2021. "Life-Course Exposure to Neighborhood Poverty and Migration Between Poor and Non-poor Neighborhoods," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 40(3), pages 401-429, June.
    18. Aaronson, Daniel, 2001. "Neighborhood Dynamics," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 49(1), pages 1-31, January.
    19. Tal Modai-Snir & Pnina Plaut, 2019. "The analysis of residential sorting trends: Measuring disparities in socio-spatial mobility," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 56(2), pages 288-300, February.
    20. Micere Keels & Greg Duncan & Stefanie Deluca & Ruby Mendenhall & James Rosenbaum, 2005. "Fifteen years later: Can residential mobility programs provide a long-term escape from neighborhood segregation, crime, and poverty," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 42(1), pages 51-73, February.
    21. Anne R. Pebley & Narayan Sastry, 2003. "Neighborhoods, Poverty and Children’s Well-being A Review," Working Papers DRU-3001-NICHD, RAND Corporation.
    22. Anne R. Pebley & Narayan Sastry, 2003. "Neighborhoods, Poverty and Children's Well-being: A Review," Working Papers 03-04, RAND Corporation.
    23. Picot, Garnett & Sceviour, Roger & Frenette, Marc, 2004. "Duree de la residence dans les quartiers a faible revenu : evidence pour Toronto, Montreal et Vancouver," Direction des études analytiques : documents de recherche 2004216f, Statistics Canada, Direction des études analytiques.

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