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Civic Environmental NGOs, Civil Society, and Democratisation in China

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  • Shui-Yan Tang
  • Xueyong Zhan

Abstract

This paper examines the potential role of civic environmental NGOs in China's democratisation. Based on interviews with 31 NGO officials, the paper examines the origins, structures, and functions of civic environmental NGOs in China. It also examines how various political and resource constraints have shaped their development. While having made progress in organising educational campaigns and specific conservation projects, civic environmental NGOs have been less successful in influencing government decisions and official behaviours. Most recently, some NGOs have made limited progress on these fronts by maintaining a largely non-oppositional stance towards government and by utilising various formal and information channels for influencing government decisions. NGO leaders will have to negotiate with different party-state entities in defining their precise roles in the political process.

Suggested Citation

  • Shui-Yan Tang & Xueyong Zhan, 2008. "Civic Environmental NGOs, Civil Society, and Democratisation in China," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 44(3), pages 425-448.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:jdevst:v:44:y:2008:i:3:p:425-448
    DOI: 10.1080/00220380701848541
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    Cited by:

    1. Linda K Westman & Vanesa Castán Broto, 2019. "Techno-economic rationalities as a political practice in urban environmental politics in China," Environment and Planning C, , vol. 37(2), pages 277-297, March.
    2. Azadegan, Arash & Golara, Sina & Kach, Andrew & Mousavi, Nasim, 2018. "Corporate environmental investments: A cross-national study on managerial decision making," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 199(C), pages 47-64.
    3. Christopher Marquis & Yanhua Bird, 2018. "The Paradox of Responsive Authoritarianism: How Civic Activism Spurs Environmental Penalties in China," Organization Science, INFORMS, vol. 29(5), pages 948-968, October.
    4. Ramdani, Rijal & Lounela, Anu K., 2020. "Palm oil expansion in tropical peatland: Distrust between advocacy and service environmental NGOs," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 118(C).
    5. Jiankun Lu & Pi-Han Tsai, 2017. "Signal and political accountability: environmental petitions in China," Economics of Governance, Springer, vol. 18(4), pages 391-418, November.
    6. Shiwang Yu & Jianxia Bao & Wen Ding & Xue Chen & Xiaonan Tang & Jianli Hao & Wei Zhang & Prateek Singh, 2021. "Investigating the Relationship between Public Satisfaction and Public Environmental Participation during Government Treatment of Urban Malodorous Black River in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-17, March.
    7. Emina Popović, 2017. "Lobbying Practices of Citizens’ Groups in China," SAGE Open, , vol. 7(2), pages 21582440177, June.
    8. Na Ni & Carolyn Egri & Carlos Lo & Carol Lin, 2015. "Patterns of Corporate Responsibility Practices for High Financial Performance: Evidence from Three Chinese Societies," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 126(2), pages 169-183, January.
    9. Jingjing Zeng & Meng Yuan & Richard Feiock, 2019. "What Drives People to Complain about Environmental Issues? An Analysis Based on Panel Data Crossing Provinces of China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-18, February.
    10. Zhaojun Yang & Weihao Liu & Jun Sun & Yali Zhang, 2017. "Corporate Environmental Responsibility and Environmental Non-Governmental Organizations in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(10), pages 1-12, September.
    11. Xu Ying & Wong-Kim Evaon C., 2015. "Moral Resources, Political Capital and the Development of Environmental Protection Organizations in China: A Case Study of City J," Nonprofit Policy Forum, De Gruyter, vol. 6(3), pages 395-423, November.
    12. Le Tang & Fengqin Zhou & Xueliang Feng & Yali Luo, 2018. "Collective Civic Petitions in Urban Neighborhoods: A Comparative Study between Two Different-Tier Chinese Cities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-17, December.
    13. Tang, Pengcheng & Yang, Shuwang & Fu, Shuke, 2018. "Do political incentive affects China's land transfer in energy-intensive industries?," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 550-559.
    14. Siyu Fu & Kristian H. Nielsen, 2023. "Reviving natural history, building ecological civilisation: the philosophy and social significance of the Natural History Revival Movement in contemporary China," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 10(1), pages 1-11, December.
    15. Jiankun LU & Pi-Han Tsai, 2017. "Signal and Political Accountability: Environmental Petitions in China," Economic Growth Centre Working Paper Series 1711, Nanyang Technological University, School of Social Sciences, Economic Growth Centre.
    16. Justin Joseph & Joe Thomas Karackattu, 2022. "State actions and the environment: examining the concept of ecological security in China," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 24(11), pages 13057-13082, November.
    17. Maria Francesch-Huidobro & Carlos Wing-Hung Lo & Shui-Yan Tang, 2012. "The Local Environmental Regulatory Regime in China: Changes in Pro-Environment Orientation, Institutional Capacity, and External Political Support in Guangzhou," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 44(10), pages 2493-2511, October.
    18. Dan Shen & Jin Jun Bo, 2014. "Corporate Social Responsibility And Emancipatory Accounting: Roles Of Non-Governmental Organisations In Transformative Change In China," Economy & Business Journal, International Scientific Publications, Bulgaria, vol. 8(1), pages 96-110.
    19. Hsieh, Chu-Chien & Yen, Liang-Kung, 2023. "Examining the cross-sector impact of NGOs' roles on forest-certification policy: An empirical study in China," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 146(C).
    20. Kent Walker & Na Ni & Weidong Huo, 2014. "Is the Red Dragon Green? An Examination of the Antecedents and Consequences of Environmental Proactivity in China," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 125(1), pages 27-43, November.

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