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Linder Revisited: Trade and Development in the Spanish Economy

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  • Carmen Fillat-Castejon
  • Jose Ma Serrano-sanz

Abstract

The literature has tended to treat Linder's hypothesis with excessive simplicity given the absence of any formalization for this intuitive theory on trade potential in manufacturers, closely related to the intra-industry trade paradigm. Against this background, in this paper we first propose a complete empirical model of bilateral trade containing all the determinants suggested by Linder, with special emphasis being placed on non-homothetic preferences, national income distribution, international economic convergence and geographic distance. We then test the model in an appropriate case, namely that of Spain during the period of its economic transition running from approximately 1959 to 1986. This period was characterized by increasing openness and structural change, as well as by convergence until that country's integration into the then European Economic Community. The results confirm the importance of the characteristics of internal demand, essentially of income distribution and non-homothetic preferences. We find that trade horizons delimited by bilateral proximity in development and geographical distance, together with multilateral convergence in economic development are the main indicators for selecting trade partners as markets and suppliers, thereby reinforcing the idea that foreign markets can be considered as an extension of the national market.

Suggested Citation

  • Carmen Fillat-Castejon & Jose Ma Serrano-sanz, 2004. "Linder Revisited: Trade and Development in the Spanish Economy," International Review of Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 18(3), pages 323-348.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:irapec:v:18:y:2004:i:3:p:323-348
    DOI: 10.1080/0269217042000227097
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jeffrey A. Frankel, 1997. "Regional Trading Blocs in the World Economic System," Peterson Institute Press: All Books, Peterson Institute for International Economics, number 72, October.
    2. Ramezzana, Paolo, 2000. "Per capita income demand for variety, and international trade: Linder reconsidered," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 20184, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    3. P Ramezzana, 2000. "Per Capita Income Demand for Variety, and International Trade: Linder Reconsidered," CEP Discussion Papers dp0460, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
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    Cited by:

    1. Dhakal, Dharmendra & Pradhan, Gyan & Upadhyaya, Kamal P., 2011. "“Another Empirical Look at the Theory of Overlapping Demands - Un altro sguardo empirico alla teoria delle overlapping demands," Economia Internazionale / International Economics, Camera di Commercio Industria Artigianato Agricoltura di Genova, vol. 64(1), pages 103-113.
    2. Ari Kokko & Patrik Gustavsson Tingvall, 2014. "Distance, Transaction Costs, and Preferences in European Trade," The International Trade Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 28(2), pages 87-120, June.
    3. Tania Georgia VICIU & Larisa MIHOREANU & Carmen COSTEA, 2016. "An Essay on the Applicability of the Linder Hypothesis in Determining the Patterns of the Romanian International Trade," Journal of Economic Development, Environment and People, Alliance of Central-Eastern European Universities, vol. 5(1), pages 52-62, March.
    4. Haq, Zahoor Ul & Meilke, Karl D. & Cranfield, John A.L., 2011. "The Gravity Model and the Problem of Zero's in Agrifood Trade," Working Papers 116851, Canadian Agricultural Trade Policy Research Network.
    5. Haq, Zahoor Ul & Meilke, Karl D., 2008. "Differentiated Agri-Food Product Trade and the Linder Effect," Working Papers 46629, Canadian Agricultural Trade Policy Research Network.

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