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Water Saving and Energy Reduction through Pressure Management in Urban Water Distribution Networks

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  • Qiang Xu
  • Qiuwen Chen
  • Jinfeng Ma
  • Koen Blanckaert
  • Zhonghua Wan

Abstract

Water shortages and climate change are worldwide issues. Reduction in water leakage in distribution networks as well as the associated energy saving and environmental impacts have recently received increased attention by scientists and water industries. Pressure management has been proposed as a cost-effective approach for reduction in water leakage. This study conducted a real-world water pressure regulation experiment to establish the pressure-leakage relationship in a district metering area (DMA) of the water distribution network in Beijing, China. Results showed that flow into the DMA was sensitive to inlet water pressure. A 5.6 m reduction in inlet pressure (from 38.8 m to 33.2 m) led to an 83 % reduction (12.1 l/s) in minimal night flow, which is a good approximator of leakage. These reductions resulted in 62,633 m 3 of water saved every year for every km pipe, as well as associated savings of 1.1 × 10 6 MJ of energy and 68 t of CO 2 equivalent greenhouse gas emissions. The results of this study provide decision makers with advice for reducing leakage in water distribution networks with associated energy and environmental benefits. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2014

Suggested Citation

  • Qiang Xu & Qiuwen Chen & Jinfeng Ma & Koen Blanckaert & Zhonghua Wan, 2014. "Water Saving and Energy Reduction through Pressure Management in Urban Water Distribution Networks," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 28(11), pages 3715-3726, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:waterr:v:28:y:2014:i:11:p:3715-3726
    DOI: 10.1007/s11269-014-0704-1
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Salvador Saz-Salazar & Miguel A. García-Rubio & Francisco González-Gómez & Andrés J. Picazo-Tadeo, 2016. "Managing Water Resources Under Conditions of Scarcity: On Consumers’ Willingness to Pay for Improving Water Supply Infrastructure," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 30(5), pages 1723-1738, March.
    3. Irene Samora & Mário J. Franca & Anton J. Schleiss & Helena M. Ramos, 2016. "Simulated Annealing in Optimization of Energy Production in a Water Supply Network," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 30(4), pages 1533-1547, March.
    4. Rafael Bernardo Carmona-Paredes & Rafael Bernardo Carmona-Benítez, 2018. "Pressure Management in Water Distribution Systems Using a Self-Tuning Controller to Distribute the Available Potable Water with Equality," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 32(5), pages 1651-1673, March.
    5. Carmine Covelli & Luca Cozzolino & Luigi Cimorelli & Renata Della Morte & Domenico Pianese, 2016. "Optimal Location and Setting of PRVs in WDS for Leakage Minimization," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 30(5), pages 1803-1817, March.
    6. Davi Edson Sales Souza & André Luiz Amarante Mesquita & Claudio José Cavalcante Blanco, 2023. "Pressure Regulation in a Water Distribution Network Using Pumps as Turbines at Variable Speed for Energy Recovery," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 37(3), pages 1183-1206, February.
    7. Irene Samora & Mário Franca & Anton Schleiss & Helena Ramos, 2016. "Simulated Annealing in Optimization of Energy Production in a Water Supply Network," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 30(4), pages 1533-1547, March.
    8. Ana Paula Pereira Silveira & Herlander Mata-Lima, 2021. "Assessing Energy Efficiency in Water Utilities Using Long-term Data Analysis," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 35(9), pages 2763-2779, July.
    9. Moslehi, Iman & Jalili Ghazizadeh, Mohammadreza & Yousefi-Khoshqalb, Ehsan, 2020. "An economic valuation model for alternative pressure management schemes in water distribution networks," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 67(C).
    10. Marco Sinagra & Enrico Creaco & Gabriele Morreale & Tullio Tucciarelli, 2023. "Energy Recovery Optimization by Means of a Turbine in a Pressure Regulation Node of a Real Water Network Through a Data-Driven Digital Twin," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 37(12), pages 4733-4749, September.
    11. Carmine Covelli & Luca Cozzolino & Luigi Cimorelli & Renata Della Morte & Domenico Pianese, 2016. "Optimal Location and Setting of PRVs in WDS for Leakage Minimization," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 30(5), pages 1803-1817, March.
    12. Pauline Macharia & Nzula Kitaka & Paul Yillia & Norbert Kreuzinger, 2021. "Assessing Future Water Demand and Associated Energy Input with Plausible Scenarios for Water Service Providers (WSPs) in Sub-Saharan Africa," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-22, April.
    13. Francesco Paola & Maurizio Giugni & Davide Portolano, 2017. "Pressure Management Through Optimal Location and Setting of Valves in Water Distribution Networks Using a Music-Inspired Approach," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 31(5), pages 1517-1533, March.

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