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Some Foci of Integrated Water Resources Management in the“South” which are oft- forgotten by the “North”: A perspective from southern Africa

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  • Roland Schulze

Abstract

Following some definitions of IWRM within a context of integrated catchment management, and a summary of the major goals and strategies as well as scale considerations in IWRM, this paper highlights some differences between IWRM in Lesser Developed Countries (LDCs), i.e. the so-called “South”, and Developed Countries (DCs), i.e. the so-called “North”, by outlining characteristics of DCs and LDCs which shape their respective needs in IWRM. Thereafter inherent problems in regard to IWRM in LDCs are identified. This is followed by examples from four case studies in southern African catchments which focus on some of the uniquenesses of IWRM issues in LDCs which, in the author's experiences, are often forgotten by theorists and practitioners from the “North”,viz.that while catchment studies tend to emphasise mainstem river discharge characteristics,these are not the sources of rural water supply problems in LDCs (a case study from the Thukela HELP catchment in South Africa); water poverty is acute in many meso-scale catchments and is likely to be exacerbated by global warming (again, a case study from the Thukela catchment); water quality problems for the rural poor, who are still without potable water supplies, frequently revolve around the biological health of rivers, rather than those related to chemical or physical water quality (a case study from the Mgeni catchment in South Africa); and climate change may have severe impacts on both within-country reservoir management and out-of-country outflow obligations to downstream countries on already stressed catchments dominated by high water demanding irrigated crops (a case study from theMbuluzi catchment in Swaziland). In each case study simulation modelling has been used as a tool in IWRM. A concluding section therefore focuses on some selected problems which have been identified by the author in regard to hydrological modelling in LDCs. These revolve around issues of governance, human resources and practicalities. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media, Inc. 2007

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  • Roland Schulze, 2007. "Some Foci of Integrated Water Resources Management in the“South” which are oft- forgotten by the “North”: A perspective from southern Africa," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 21(1), pages 269-294, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:waterr:v:21:y:2007:i:1:p:269-294
    DOI: 10.1007/s11269-006-9053-z
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Calder, Ian R., 1998. "Water-resource and land-use issues," IWMI Books, International Water Management Institute, number 113610.
    2. Calder, I. R., 1998. "Water-resource and land-use issues," IWMI Books, Reports H022680, International Water Management Institute.
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    Cited by:

    1. Caizhi Sun & Wenxin Liu & Wei Zou, 2016. "Water Poverty in Urban and Rural China Considered Through the Harmonious and Developmental Ability Model," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 30(7), pages 2547-2567, May.
    2. Frank Ward & Manuel Pulido-Velazquez, 2012. "Economic Costs of Sustaining Water Supplies: Findings from the Rio Grande," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 26(10), pages 2883-2909, August.
    3. Gerardo Benito & Rick Rohde & Mary Seely & Christoph Külls & Ofer Dahan & Yehouda Enzel & Simon Todd & Blanca Botero & Efrat Morin & Tamir Grodek & Carole Roberts, 2010. "Management of Alluvial Aquifers in Two Southern African Ephemeral Rivers: Implications for IWRM," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 24(4), pages 641-667, March.
    4. Sujata Manandhar & Vishnu Pandey & Futaba Kazama, 2012. "Application of Water Poverty Index (WPI) in Nepalese Context: A Case Study of Kali Gandaki River Basin (KGRB)," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 26(1), pages 89-107, January.
    5. Vishnu Pandey & Sujata Manandhar & Futaba Kazama, 2012. "Water Poverty Situation of Medium-sized River Basins in Nepal," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 26(9), pages 2475-2489, July.

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