IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/spr/elcore/v25y2025i4d10.1007_s10660-023-09789-z.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The live-streaming e-commerce mode selection under competition: self-run or third-party?

Author

Listed:
  • Shanshan Wang

    (Shanghai University of Engineering Science)

  • Junbin Wang

    (Changshu Institute of Technology
    Fudan University)

Abstract

The popularity of live-streaming (LS) has enforced a great number of e-retailers to introduce such an emerging e-commerce mode. Considering the potential benefits brought by LS e-commerce and the various modes for introducing such a strategy, this study examines three possible modes of LS in a competitive context, namely without LS, third-party LS, and self-run LS. By using a stylized game-theoretical model, we explore the impacts of such a selling strategy on both online and offline retailers’ decisions and profits. Our findings show that when the consumer’s hassle cost for LS shopping is low, the LS selling always results in a price-increase effect on the online retailer, while only the third-party LS would have the same effect on the offline retailer. Moreover, the offline retailer always obtains the highest demand with third-party LS, but the online retailer obtains the lowest one. Most importantly, when the online retailer introduces third-party LS, it might result in a “win–win” situation for both retailers. In addition, we extend the basic model to the case with a more powerful online retailer.

Suggested Citation

  • Shanshan Wang & Junbin Wang, 2025. "The live-streaming e-commerce mode selection under competition: self-run or third-party?," Electronic Commerce Research, Springer, vol. 25(4), pages 3261-3282, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:spr:elcore:v:25:y:2025:i:4:d:10.1007_s10660-023-09789-z
    DOI: 10.1007/s10660-023-09789-z
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10660-023-09789-z
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted.

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1007/s10660-023-09789-z?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to

    for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hu, Yihong & Qu, Shengnan & Li, Guo & Sethi, Suresh P., 2021. "Power structure and channel integration strategy for online retailers," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 294(3), pages 951-964.
    2. Cheng, Fei & Chen, Tong & Shen, Yuting & Jing, Xiaodong, 2022. "Impact of green technology improvement and store brand introduction on the sales mode selection," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 253(C).
    3. Xin, Baogui & Hao, Yaru & Xie, Lei, 2023. "Strategic product showcasing mode of E-commerce live streaming," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 73(C).
    4. Zennyo, Yusuke, 2020. "Strategic contracting and hybrid use of agency and wholesale contracts in e-commerce platforms," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 281(1), pages 231-239.
    5. Lin Tian & Asoo J. Vakharia & Yinliang (Ricky) Tan & Yifan Xu, 2018. "Marketplace, Reseller, or Hybrid: Strategic Analysis of an Emerging E‐Commerce Model," Production and Operations Management, Production and Operations Management Society, vol. 27(8), pages 1595-1610, August.
    6. Wei-yu Kevin Chiang & Dilip Chhajed & James D. Hess, 2003. "Direct Marketing, Indirect Profits: A Strategic Analysis of Dual-Channel Supply-Chain Design," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 49(1), pages 1-20, January.
    7. Wongkitrungrueng, Apiradee & Assarut, Nuttapol, 2020. "The role of live streaming in building consumer trust and engagement with social commerce sellers," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 117(C), pages 543-556.
    8. Zhang, Wen & Yu, Lili & Wang, Zhenzhen, 2023. "Live-streaming selling modes on a retail platform," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 173(C).
    9. Yushi Tsunoda & Yusuke Zennyo, 2021. "Platform Information Transparency and Effects on Third‐Party Suppliers and Offline Retailers," Production and Operations Management, Production and Operations Management Society, vol. 30(11), pages 4219-4235, November.
    10. Zhang, Shichen & Zhang, Jianxiong, 2020. "Agency selling or reselling: E-tailer information sharing with supplier offline entry," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 280(1), pages 134-151.
    11. Hao, Caixia & Yang, Lei, 2023. "Resale or agency sale? Equilibrium analysis on the role of live streaming selling," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 307(3), pages 1117-1134.
    12. Wei, Jie & Lu, Jinghui & Zhao, Jing, 2020. "Interactions of competing manufacturers’ leader-follower relationship and sales format on online platforms," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 280(2), pages 508-522.
    13. Zhang, Chu & Zheng, Xiaona, 2021. "Customization strategies between online and offline retailers," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 100(C).
    14. Ran Pan & Juan Feng & Zhenling Zhao, 2022. "Fly with the wings of live‐stream selling—Channel strategies with/without switching demand," Production and Operations Management, Production and Operations Management Society, vol. 31(9), pages 3387-3399, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Lu, Wei & Ji, Xiang & Wu, Jie, 2025. "Retailer’s information sharing and manufacturer’s channel expansion in the live-streaming E-commerce era," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 320(3), pages 527-543.
    2. Matsui, Kenji, 2024. "Should competing suppliers with dual-channel supply chains adopt agency selling in an e-commerce platform?," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 312(2), pages 587-604.
    3. Aika Monden & Yusuke Zennyo, 2022. "Consumer rebates from e‐commerce platforms and multichannel management of third‐party sellers," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 43(7), pages 3059-3071, October.
    4. Fan, Xiaojun & Zhang, Lu & Guo, Xin & Zhao, Wenyu, 2024. "The impact of live-streaming interactivity on live-streaming sales mode based on game-theoretic analysis," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    5. Tan, Yinliang (Ricky) & Yu, Chuanbin & Liu, Yang & Zheng, Quan, 2024. "Agency models in online platforms: A review of recent developments and future prospects," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 319(3), pages 679-695.
    6. Li, Jin & Wang, Haoyu & Shi, Victor & Sun, Qi, 2024. "Manufacturer's choice of online selling format in a dual-channel supply chain with green products," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 318(1), pages 131-142.
    7. Xu, Xiaoping & Wang, Yuting & Cheng, T.C.E. & Choi, Tsan-Ming, 2024. "Should live broadcasting platforms adopt artificial intelligence? A sales effort perspective," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 318(3), pages 979-999.
    8. Wang, Tong, 2025. "Is streamer live-stream favorable to merchant live-stream? The effect of pre- and post-effort," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 85(C).
    9. Miao, Zhaowei & Peng, Hengming & Lan, Yongquan, 2025. "The role of online platform selling mode in recycling channel selection: A game-theoretic analysis of profit and environmental impact," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 280(C).
    10. Cheng, Xianghui & Deng, Shiming & Jiang, Xuan & Li, Yanhai, 2023. "Optimal promotion strategies of online marketplaces," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 306(3), pages 1264-1278.
    11. Li, Qingying & Zhu, Shuo & Choi, Tsan-Ming & Shen, Bin, 2025. "Maintaining E-commerce supply chain viability: Addressing supply risks with a strategic live-streaming channel," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 133(C).
    12. Zhang, Xinxin & Zhang, Xiuyi & Huang, Junran, 2025. "Socially responsible e-commerce supply chains: Sales mode preference and store brand introduction," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
    13. Kittaka, Yuta & Matsushima, Noriaki & Saruta, Fuyuki, 2022. "Negative effect of price-matching policy on traditional retailers in a dual-channel supply chain with different content formats," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).
    14. Wang, Chenyu & Sun, Jingchun & Shi, Siyu & Cheng, T.C. Edwin, 2025. "Third-party sellers’ selling formats and advertising competition on e-commerce platforms," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 194(C).
    15. Li, Gang & Zheng, Zhijun & Cheng, T.C.E. & Wang, Wei & Wu, Feng, 2025. "Agency selling or reselling: The impact of logistics service on selling mode choice," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
    16. Mao, Zhaofang & Yuan, Ruiying & Shen, Zuo-Jun Max, 2025. "Strategic interactions between manufacturer channel choice and platform entry in a dual-market system," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).
    17. Chen, Qiuyan & Yan, Xin & Bian, Yiwen & Han, Xiaohua, 2025. "Live streaming channel and product assortment with both national and store brand products," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 131(C).
    18. Chen, Pingping & Zhao, Ruiqing & Yan, Yingchen & Zhou, Chi, 2021. "Promoting end-of-season product through online channel in an uncertain market," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 295(3), pages 935-948.
    19. Ji, Guojun & Fu, Tianyu & Li, Shuhao, 2023. "Optimal selling format considering price discount strategy in live-streaming commerce," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 309(2), pages 529-544.
    20. Yang, Wenting & Govindan, Kannan & Zhang, Jiantong, 2023. "Spillover effects of live streaming selling in a dual-channel supply chain," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 180(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:spr:elcore:v:25:y:2025:i:4:d:10.1007_s10660-023-09789-z. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.springer.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.