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Global and cross-country analysis of exposure of vulnerable populations to heatwaves from 1980 to 2018

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  • Jonathan Chambers

    (University of Geneva)

Abstract

Heatwaves have become more frequent and intense due to anthropogenic global warming and have serious and potentially life-threatening impacts on human health, particularly for people over 65 years old. While a range of studies examine heatwave exposures, few cover the whole globe and very few cover key areas in Africa, South America, and East Asia. By using global gridded climate reanalysis, population, and demographic data, this work analyses trends in change in exposure of vulnerable populations to heatwaves, providing global and per-country aggregate statistics. The difference between the global mean of heatwave indexes and the mean weighted by vulnerable population found that these populations are experiencing up to five times the number of heatwave days relative to the global average. The total exposures, measured in person-days of heatwave, highlight the combined effect of increased heatwaves and aging populations. In China and India, heatwave exposure increased by an average of 508 million person-days per year in the last decade. Mapping of changes per country highlighted significant exposure increases, particularly in the Middle East and in South East Asia. Major disparities were found between the heatwave exposures, country income group, and country health system capacity, thus highlighting the significant inequalities in global warming impacts and response capacities with respect to health across countries. It is therefore of prime importance that health development and response are coordinated with climate change mitigation and adaptation work.

Suggested Citation

  • Jonathan Chambers, 2020. "Global and cross-country analysis of exposure of vulnerable populations to heatwaves from 1980 to 2018," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 163(1), pages 539-558, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:spr:climat:v:163:y:2020:i:1:d:10.1007_s10584-020-02884-2
    DOI: 10.1007/s10584-020-02884-2
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    1. Qi Zhao & Shanshan Li & Micheline S Z S Coelho & Paulo H N Saldiva & Kejia Hu & Rachel R Huxley & Michael J Abramson & Yuming Guo, 2019. "The association between heatwaves and risk of hospitalization in Brazil: A nationwide time series study between 2000 and 2015," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(2), pages 1-16, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Yajie Du & Ming Jing & Chunyu Lu & Jingru Zong & Lingli Wang & Qing Wang, 2022. "Global Population Exposure to Extreme Temperatures and Disease Burden," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-12, October.
    2. Lina Volodzkiene & Dalia Streimikiene, 2023. "Energy Inequality Indicators: A Comprehensive Review for Exploring Ways to Reduce Inequality," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-28, August.
    3. Arulalan T & Krishna AchutaRao & Ambuj D Sagar, 2023. "Climate science to inform adaptation policy: Heat waves over India in the 1.5°C and 2°C warmer worlds," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 176(5), pages 1-19, May.
    4. Gege Nie & Jun Yang & Yuqing Zhang & Xiangming Xiao & Jianhong (Cecilia) Xia & Xiaoyu Cai & Chunli Li, 2024. "Duration of exposure to compound daytime-nighttime high temperatures and changes in population exposure in China under global warming," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 11(1), pages 1-12, December.
    5. Berger, Tania & Chundeli, Faiz Ahmed & Pandey, Rama Umesh & Jain, Minakshi & Tarafdar, Ayon Kumar & Ramamurthy, Adinarayanane, 2022. "Low-income residents' strategies to cope with urban heat," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
    6. Yohani Dalugoda & Jyothi Kuppa & Hai Phung & Shannon Rutherford & Dung Phung, 2022. "Effect of Elevated Ambient Temperature on Maternal, Foetal, and Neonatal Outcomes: A Scoping Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-22, February.
    7. Ramon Farré & Miguel A. Rodríguez-Lázaro & Anh Tuan Dinh-Xuan & Martí Pons-Odena & Daniel Navajas & David Gozal, 2021. "A Low-Cost, Easy-to-Assemble Device to Prevent Infant Hyperthermia under Conditions of High Thermal Stress," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-12, December.
    8. Barun Mukhopadhyay & Charles A. Weitz, 2022. "Heat Exposure, Heat-Related Symptoms and Coping Strategies among Elderly Residents of Urban Slums and Rural Vilages in West Bengal, India," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-20, September.
    9. Juliane Kemen & Silvia Schäffer-Gemein & Johanna Grünewald & Thomas Kistemann, 2021. "Heat Perception and Coping Strategies: A Structured Interview-Based Study of Elderly People in Cologne, Germany," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-19, July.
    10. Tyas Mutiara Basuki & Hunggul Yudono Setio Hadi Nugroho & Yonky Indrajaya & Irfan Budi Pramono & Nunung Puji Nugroho & Agung Budi Supangat & Dewi Retna Indrawati & Endang Savitri & Nining Wahyuningrum, 2022. "Improvement of Integrated Watershed Management in Indonesia for Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-41, August.
    11. Erin Coughlan de Perez & Julie Arrighi & Joalane Marunye, 2023. "Challenging the universality of heatwave definitions: gridded temperature discrepancies across climate regions," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 176(12), pages 1-14, December.

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