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Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Associations between Leisure Time Physical Activity, Mental Well-Being and Subjective Health in Middle Adulthood

Author

Listed:
  • Tiia Kekäläinen

    (University of Jyväskylä)

  • Alexandra M. Freund

    (University of Zurich)

  • Sarianna Sipilä

    (University of Jyväskylä)

  • Katja Kokko

    (University of Jyväskylä)

Abstract

Previous studies have shown that participation in leisure time physical activity is related to better mental well-being and subjective health. However, the associations between different types of leisure time physical activities and different dimensions of mental well-being have rarely been studied. In addition, longitudinal research, analyzing possible causal relations between these variables, is lacking. To investigate these research questions, data gathered at ages 42 and 50 (present N = 303) for the Finnish Jyväskylä Longitudinal Study of Personality and Social Development were used. Physical activity was assessed as frequency of participation at ages 42 and 50, and at age 50 also as frequency of participation in different types of physical activities. Mental well-being was captured by emotional, psychological and social well-being and subjective health by self-rated health and symptoms. Cross-sectionally, different types of physical activities were related to different dimensions of well-being. Walking had positive associations with psychological and social well-being, rambling in nature with emotional and social well-being, and endurance training with subjective health. Rambling in nature was also positively related to subjective health but only among men. Longitudinally, mental well-being predicted later participation in leisure-time physical activity, whereas no longitudinal associations between subjective health and physical activity were found. The results suggest that leisure time physical activities are related to current mental well-being and subjective health in midlife. Across time, good mental well-being seems to be a resource promoting engagement in physical activity.

Suggested Citation

  • Tiia Kekäläinen & Alexandra M. Freund & Sarianna Sipilä & Katja Kokko, 2020. "Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Associations between Leisure Time Physical Activity, Mental Well-Being and Subjective Health in Middle Adulthood," Applied Research in Quality of Life, Springer;International Society for Quality-of-Life Studies, vol. 15(4), pages 1099-1116, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:ariqol:v:15:y:2020:i:4:d:10.1007_s11482-019-09721-4
    DOI: 10.1007/s11482-019-09721-4
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. David Newman & Louis Tay & Ed Diener, 2014. "Leisure and Subjective Well-Being: A Model of Psychological Mechanisms as Mediating Factors," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 15(3), pages 555-578, June.
    2. Leandro Fornias Machado de Rezende & Maurício Rodrigues Lopes & Juan Pablo Rey-López & Victor Keihan Rodrigues Matsudo & Olinda do Carmo Luiz, 2014. "Sedentary Behavior and Health Outcomes: An Overview of Systematic Reviews," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(8), pages 1-7, August.
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    5. Katja Kokko & Anni Korkalainen & Anna-Liisa Lyyra & Taru Feldt, 2013. "Structure and Continuity of Well-Being in Mid-Adulthood: A Longitudinal Study," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 14(1), pages 99-114, March.
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