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Teoria instytucjonalnego dopasowania bezpośrednich inwestycji zagranicznych – założenia i próba weryfikacji dla krajów Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej

Author

Listed:
  • Julia Włodarczyk
  • Martyna Bieleń
  • Sylwia Wajnbrener

Abstract

Bezpośrednie inwestycje zagraniczne (BIZ) odgrywają kluczową rolę we wzroście i rozwoju gospodarczym znakomitej większości krajów. Wzbudza to wśród badaczy i decydentów duże zainteresowanie determinantami napływu BIZ. Spośród licznych propozycji teoretycznych teoria instytucjonalnego dopasowania BIZ, w której wyróżniono cztery grupy instytucji determinujących napływ inwestycji (społeczno-kulturowe, związane z systemem edukacji, rynkowe oraz rządowe), dotychczas nie była przedmiotem dyskusji w literaturze polskojęzycznej. Celem pracy jest przedstawienie założeń teorii instytucjonalnego dopasowania BIZ oraz dotychczasowej literatury empirycznej jej poświęconej, a także próba empirycznej weryfikacji tej teorii w kontekście krajów Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej w okresie 2004–2022. W badaniach empirycznych wykorzystano metody analizy danych przekrojowych (jak w oryginalnym badaniu) oraz panelowych z efektami stałymi. Dowiedziono, że w krajach Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej pierwszoplanową rolę w przyciąganiu BIZ odgrywają instytucje rynkowe. Napływ BIZ jest dodatnio związany z poziomem PKB per capita, populacją ogółem, populacją miejską oraz wpływami z tytułu podatków. Instytucje rządowe, związane z systemem edukacji oraz społeczno-kulturowe, wydają się mieć znaczenie marginalne. W oszacowaniach statystycznie istotne są także zmienne czasowe oraz opóźnione wartości napływu BIZ (w analizie panelowej). W przyszłych badaniach warto dokonać rewizji zmiennych uznawanych za reprezentatywne dla poszczególnych grup instytucji oraz przeanalizować rolę tempa zmian instytucjonalnych jako moderatora zależności między instytucjami a napływem BIZ.

Suggested Citation

  • Julia Włodarczyk & Martyna Bieleń & Sylwia Wajnbrener, 2025. "Teoria instytucjonalnego dopasowania bezpośrednich inwestycji zagranicznych – założenia i próba weryfikacji dla krajów Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej," Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics, Warsaw School of Economics, issue 3, pages 88-99.
  • Handle: RePEc:sgh:gosnar:y:2025:i:3:p:88-99
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    JEL classification:

    • E02 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General - - - Institutions and the Macroeconomy
    • F21 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Investment; Long-Term Capital Movements
    • P33 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Socialist Institutions and Their Transitions - - - International Trade, Finance, Investment, Relations, and Aid

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