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Urban Economic Structure and the Optimal Rail System

Author

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  • Graham R. Crampton

    (Centre for Spatial and Real Estate Economics, Faculty of Urban and Regional Studies, Reading University, Reading, RG62AW, UK, G.R.Crampton@reading.ac.uk)

Abstract

In this paper, we develop a simple theoretical framework to compute optimal urban-rail station spacing, first with a one- and then with a two-dimensional population density distribution. For small numbers of stations, numerical methods maximising total passenger-km give the optimal spacings, and it is found that stations should indeed be significantly more dispersed in the suburbs. The fixed nature of station infrastructure, however, means that as urban density patterns evolve, the stations will progressively become located in the wrong positions, with associated efficiency losses. Numerical methods are also used to estimate the seriousness of these efficiency losses in the simplest cases. The findings on station spacing are compared with the urban-rail systems of London, Munich, Paris and Washington, DC.

Suggested Citation

  • Graham R. Crampton, 2000. "Urban Economic Structure and the Optimal Rail System," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 37(3), pages 623-632, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:urbstu:v:37:y:2000:i:3:p:623-632
    DOI: 10.1080/0042098002159
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. C. D. Hyson & W. P. Hyson, 1950. "The Economic Law of Market Areas," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 64(2), pages 319-327.
    2. Frank A. Fetter, 1924. "The Economic Law of Market Areas," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 38(3), pages 520-529.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Vaturi, Asher & Portnov, Boris A. & Gradus, Yehuda, 2011. "Train access and financial performance of local authorities: greater Tel Aviv as a case study," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 19(2), pages 224-234.

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