IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/sae/jouent/v33y2024i4p897-924.html

Seeds of Change: Nurturing Entrepreneurial Ecosystems for Sustainable Enterprises in Lebanon and Jordan

Author

Listed:
  • Khodor Shatila
  • Nirjhar Nigam
  • Sondes Mbarek

Abstract

This study investigates how entrepreneurial inputs and regulatory environments affect the evolution of Lebanese and Jordanian entrepreneurial ecosystems (EE). We attempted to understand how these ecosystems work by focusing on the input configurations that trigger entrepreneurship and how these regulatory environments have been formed. The researchers tested the theoretical model using structural equation modelling (SEM) to investigate EE as a relative construct and the interrelationship between the different factors that impact such systems. This data collection method built a base for a comparative study based on 300 respondents from each country, using Google Forms. These results indicated a strong positive relationship among finance, networks, economic policy stability, innovation, and EE in Lebanon and Jordan. This can give entrepreneurs financial support, social networks, and economic stability to help them thrive and innovate. For further research, a comparative analysis with other regions could underscore the importance of EE in both countries and offer a more comprehensive global perspective for interpreting these ecosystems. This study adds to the literature on Lebanese and Jordanian entrepreneurship by potentially influencing the future development of EE in these countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Khodor Shatila & Nirjhar Nigam & Sondes Mbarek, 2024. "Seeds of Change: Nurturing Entrepreneurial Ecosystems for Sustainable Enterprises in Lebanon and Jordan," Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Emerging Economies, Entrepreneurship Development Institute of India, vol. 33(4), pages 897-924, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:jouent:v:33:y:2024:i:4:p:897-924
    DOI: 10.1177/09713557241307728
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/09713557241307728
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1177/09713557241307728?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Thomas G. Pittz & Rebecca White & Ted Zoller, 2021. "Entrepreneurial ecosystems and social network centrality: the power of regional dealmakers," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 56(4), pages 1273-1286, April.
    2. van Rijnsoever, Frank J., 2022. "Intermediaries for the greater good: How entrepreneurial support organizations can embed constrained sustainable development startups in entrepreneurial ecosystems," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 51(2).
    3. Ricarda B. Bouncken & Sascha Kraus, 2022. "Entrepreneurial ecosystems in an interconnected world: emergence, governance and digitalization," Review of Managerial Science, Springer, vol. 16(1), pages 1-14, January.
    4. Denis S. Ushakov & Daria G. Ivanova & Eteri D. Rubinskaya & Khodor Shatila, 2023. "The Mediating Impact of Innovation on Green Entrepreneurship Practices and Sustainability," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Elena G Popkova & Natalia G Vovchenko & Olga V Andreeva (ed.), Climate-Smart Innovation Social Entrepreneurship and Sustainable Development in the Environmental Economy, chapter 1, pages 3-18, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    5. Santana Pathak & Sujata Mukherjee, 2020. "Entrepreneurial ecosystem and social entrepreneurship: case studies of community-based craft from Kutch, India," Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 15(3), pages 350-374, September.
    6. Lee Cronbach, 1951. "Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 16(3), pages 297-334, September.
    7. Ben Spigel, 2017. "The Relational Organization of Entrepreneurial Ecosystems," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 41(1), pages 49-72, January.
    8. Mohammad Alawamleh & Yara Hanna Francis & Kamal Jamal Alawamleh, 2023. "Entrepreneurship challenges: the case of Jordanian start-ups," Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 12(1), pages 1-14, December.
    9. Denis S. Ushakov & Elima A. Israilova & Daria G. Ivanova & Khodor Shatila, 2023. "Social Entrepreneurship and Climate Innovation: The Mediating Effect of Norms and Self-Efficacy," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Elena G Popkova & Natalia G Vovchenko & Olga V Andreeva (ed.), Climate-Smart Innovation Social Entrepreneurship and Sustainable Development in the Environmental Economy, chapter 2, pages 19-33, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    10. Massimo G. Colombo & Giovanni Battista Dagnino & Erik E. Lehmann & MariPaz Salmador, 2019. "The governance of entrepreneurial ecosystems," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 52(2), pages 419-428, February.
    11. Busch, Christian & Barkema, Harry, 2022. "Align or perish: social enterprise network orchestration in Sub-Saharan Africa," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 115350, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    12. Abdullah Promise Opute & Kalu Ibe Kalu & Ogechi Adeola & Chux Gervase Iwu, 2021. "Steering Sustainable Economic Growth: Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Approach," Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Emerging Economies, Entrepreneurship Development Institute of India, vol. 7(2), pages 216-245, July.
    13. Theodoraki, Christina & Dana, Léo-Paul & Caputo, Andrea, 2022. "Building sustainable entrepreneurial ecosystems: A holistic approach," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 140(C), pages 346-360.
    14. Oyedele Ogundana & Amon Simba & Leo-Paul Dana & Eric Liguori, 2024. "A growth model for understanding female-owned enterprises," Journal of the International Council for Small Business, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 5(2), pages 85-94, April.
    15. Pushkarskaya, Helen & Fortunato, Michael W.-P. & Breazeale, Nicole & Just, David R., 2021. "Enhancing measures of ESE to incorporate aspects of place: Personal reputation and place-based social legitimacy," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 36(3).
    16. Rocha, Augusto & Brown, Ross & Mawson, Suzanne, 2021. "Capturing conversations in entrepreneurial ecosystems," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 50(9).
    17. Zhe Cao & Xianwei Shi, 2021. "A systematic literature review of entrepreneurial ecosystems in advanced and emerging economies," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 57(1), pages 75-110, June.
    18. Jana Schmutzler & Veneta Andonova & Jonathan Perez-Lopez, 2021. "The role of diaspora in opportunity-driven entrepreneurial ecosystems: A mixed-methods study of Balkan economies," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 17(2), pages 693-729, June.
    19. Luis J. Callarisa-Fiol & Miguel Ángel Moliner-Tena & Rosa Rodríguez-Artola & Javier Sánchez-García, 2023. "Entrepreneurship innovation using social robots in tourism: a social listening study," Review of Managerial Science, Springer, vol. 17(8), pages 2945-2971, November.
    20. Christina Theodoraki & Léo-Paul Dana & Andrea Caputo, 2022. "Building sustainable entrepreneurial ecosystems: A holistic approach," Post-Print hal-04676716, HAL.
    21. Amani Jarrar, 2022. "Entrepreneurship in Jordan: the eco-system of the Social Entrepreneurship Support Organizations (SESOs)," Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 11(1), pages 1-28, December.
    22. David B. Audretsch & Maksim Belitski, 2017. "Entrepreneurial ecosystems in cities: establishing the framework conditions," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, vol. 42(5), pages 1030-1051, October.
    23. Busch, Christian & Barkema, Harry, 2022. "Align or perish: Social enterprise network orchestration in Sub-Saharan Africa," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 37(2).
    24. Morgan P. Miles & Mark Morrison, 2020. "An effectual leadership perspective for developing rural entrepreneurial ecosystems," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 54(4), pages 933-949, April.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Thabit Atobishi & Szilard Podruzsik, 2025. "Ethical Entrepreneurial Leadership and Corporate Sustainable Development: A Resource-Based View of Competitive Advantage in Small and Medium Enterprises," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(13), pages 1-21, July.
    2. Adrian BURTA, 2025. "A Bibliometric Analysis Of Entrepreneurial Ecosystems From A Systems Thinking Perspective," Annals of Faculty of Economics, University of Oradea, Faculty of Economics, vol. 34(1), pages 599-611, July.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Li Cai & Naiheng Sheng & Garry D. Bruton & Haijing Yu, 2025. "Redefining the entrepreneurial ecosystem in China from a network-based view: A review and proposal for future research," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 64(2), pages 775-803, February.
    2. Aftab Alam & Bhaskar Bhowmick, 2023. "Examining the domains of entrepreneurial ecosystem framework—a bibliometric analysis," Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, Springer;UNESCO Chair in Entrepreneurship, vol. 13(1), pages 1-17, December.
    3. Alejandro Almeida & Antonio A. Golpe & Juan Manuel Martín-Álvarez & Jose Carlos Vides, 2025. "New England’s Pinnacle: fostering quality entrepreneurial ecosystems," Eurasian Business Review, Springer;Eurasia Business and Economics Society, vol. 15(1), pages 243-271, March.
    4. Syed Tariq Anwar, 2025. "Entrepreneurial ecosystems, evolutionary growth and global expansion," Journal of International Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 23(2), pages 528-558, June.
    5. Sophia Hess & Andreas Wahl & Alan R. Johnson, 2025. "Measuring entrepreneurial ecosystems across levels: a district approach," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 65(3), pages 1617-1649, October.
    6. Intenza, Marika & Capobianco, Nunzia & Sarto, Fabrizia & Saggese, Sara, 2025. "Opening the black box: Exploring innovation pathways from entrepreneurial ecosystems to financial performance in healthcare organisations," Journal of Business Venturing Insights, Elsevier, vol. 24(C).
    7. Johannes Hähnlein & Matthias Baum & Carolin Durst, 2026. "Giving something back: how reciprocal motivation drives entrepreneurs to contribute to their entrepreneurial ecosystem," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 66(1), pages 451-484, January.
    8. Edgar Nave & Pedro Torres & Ana Rita Querido & João J. Ferreira & Gabriela Fernandes, 2025. "Entrepreneurial ecosystems governance: critical perspectives and steps forward," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, vol. 50(5), pages 2135-2230, October.
    9. Colin Donaldson & Robert Newbery & Jasmina Berbegal Mirabent & Andreas Kallmuenzer, 2025. "Decoding value exchange in entrepreneurial ecosystems through a service-dominant lens," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 64(3), pages 1057-1081, March.
    10. Giovanni Negri & Giacomo Ciambotti & Christina Theodoraki & David Littlewood, 2025. "Stagnating or flourishing? How entrepreneurial support organizations navigate constraints in nascent ecosystems," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 65(3), pages 1651-1679, October.
    11. Éva Komlósi & Marcus Dejardin & László Szerb & Balázs Páger, 2025. "Is a balanced entrepreneurial ecosystem essential for success? A configurational analysis of European regional entrepreneurial ecosystems," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, vol. 50(4), pages 1669-1708, August.
    12. Sanjay Chaudhary & Puneet Kaur & Hind Alofaysan & Jantje Halberstadt & Amandeep Dhir, 2023. "Connecting the dots? Entrepreneurial ecosystems and sustainable entrepreneurship as pathways to sustainability," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 32(8), pages 5935-5951, December.
    13. Stéphanie Eynaud & Alexis Catanzaro & Stéphane Foliard, 2025. "Mixed embeddedness of women student entrepreneurs in the entrepreneurial ecosystem," Post-Print hal-04718297, HAL.
    14. Martin Queissner & Lennard Stolz & Matthias Weiss, 2025. "A meta-analysis of entrepreneurial ecosystem elements and entrepreneurial activity," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 64(4), pages 1817-1847, April.
    15. Nicolas Victor Noak & Lance Christian, 2025. "Exploring spatial network structures in entrepreneurial ecosystems: a network and clustering analysis of global venture funding flows," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 65(3), pages 1483-1500, October.
    16. Welsh, Dianne H.B. & Lanchimba, Cintya & Bausch, Madeleine, 2025. "Retail franchise ecosystem dynamics: Insights from countries of varied development levels," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
    17. Aki Harima & Jan Harima & Jörg Freiling, 2024. "Ecosystem Orchestration: Unpacking the Leadership Capabilities of Anchor Organizations in Nascent Entrepreneurial Ecosystems," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 48(6), pages 1404-1450, November.
    18. Ranjani Kumari & Jyoti Verma & Rajeev Verma & Vikas Arya & Armando Papa, 2025. "Flying High With Entrepreneurial Ecosystems—A Systematic Literature Review to Determine the Factors of Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Development," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 34(8), pages 10551-10589, December.
    19. Peter Wirtz & Max Berre, 2025. "Connectedness of entrepreneurial ecosystems: the impact of VC financing mobility on startup valuations," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 65(3), pages 1301-1325, October.
    20. Matthias Fink & Daniela Maresch & Ludovit Garzik & Rainer Harms, 2025. "We are in this together: leading resource exchange between entrepreneurial ecosystems to strategically steer their development," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 65(3), pages 1447-1464, October.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:sae:jouent:v:33:y:2024:i:4:p:897-924. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: SAGE Publications (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.ediindia.org/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.