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The Brazilian Economy: A Challenge of Prospering and Sharing

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  • Celia Lessa Kerstenetzky

    (Economics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Brazilian Institute for Advanced Studies (CBAE-UFRJ), Center for Studies on Inequality (CEDE-UFRJ-UFF) and Brazilian Council of Research (CNPq))

Abstract

Like many Latin American countries Brazil has dramatically failed to deliver to its inhabitants the crucial combination of economic prosperity and equity. However, while Latin American countries generally display high levels of economic inequality, Brazil’s level is extreme, even by the standards of the region. Taking a political economy perspective, this article briefly tells the story of a developing mismatch between growth and equity, highlighting a period when a first reversal of that tendency was observed with the unprecedented rise to power of a center-left coalition. A backlash ensued with the rise of a far-right government; but now that the country is once more run by a progressive coalition, this essay discusses the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead on the path towards a social-and-ecologically friendly economic development. L’economia brasiliana: una sfida di prosperità e condivisione Il Brasile, così come molti paesi latino-americani, ha totalmente mancato l’obiettivo cruciale del contestuale raggiungimento di prosperità economica ed equità. Inoltre, il livello di disuguaglianza economica del Brasile è particolarmente elevato anche se confrontato con quello degli altri paesi latino-americani, generalmente caratterizzati da livelli molto elevati di disuguaglianza. Seguendo un approccio di political economy questo articolo espone brevemente la storia del crescente squilibrio tra crescita ed equità, evidenziando un periodo nel quale un’inversione di tendenza si è registrata con l’ascesa al potere, mai avvenuta prima, di una coalizione di centro-sinistra. A ciò è seguito un contraccolpo causato dall’ascesa al potere di un governo di estrema destra. Tuttavia, essendo oggi il paese guidato nuovamente da una coalizione progressista, in questo articolo si analizzano sfide ed opportunità da cogliere lungo la strada di uno sviluppo economico socialmente ed ecologicamente sostenibile.

Suggested Citation

  • Celia Lessa Kerstenetzky, 2024. "The Brazilian Economy: A Challenge of Prospering and Sharing," Economia Internazionale / International Economics, Camera di Commercio Industria Artigianato Agricoltura di Genova, vol. 77(1), pages 91-116.
  • Handle: RePEc:ris:ecoint:0964
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Celia Lessa Kerstenetzky & Marcio Alvarenga Junior & Lucas Costa & Ricardo Bielschowsky, 2024. "Public social services and sustainable development: estimating opportunities in the global south," Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 47(1), pages 1-24, January.
    2. Celia Lessa Kerstenetzky & Graciele Pereira Guedes, 2021. "Great Recession, great regression? The welfare state in the twenty-first century," Cambridge Journal of Economics, Cambridge Political Economy Society, vol. 45(1), pages 151-194.
    3. Mr. Francesco Grigoli & Adrian Robles, 2017. "Inequality Overhang," IMF Working Papers 2017/076, International Monetary Fund.
    4. Alessandra Brito & Miguel Foguel & Celia Kerstenetzky, 2017. "The contribution of minimum wage valorization policy to the decline in household income inequality in Brazil: A decomposition approach," Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 40(4), pages 540-575, October.
    5. Jeffrey G. Williamson, 2015. "Latin American Inequality: Colonial Origins, Commodity Booms or a Missed Twentieth-Century Leveling?," Journal of Human Development and Capabilities, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 16(3), pages 324-341, August.
    6. Williamson, Jeffrey G., 2010. "Five centuries of Latin American income inequality," Revista de Historia Económica / Journal of Iberian and Latin American Economic History, Cambridge University Press, vol. 28(2), pages 227-252, September.
    7. Jeffrey G. Williamson, 2015. "Latin American Inequality: Colonial Origins, Commodity Booms, or a Missed 20th Century Leveling?," NBER Working Papers 20915, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
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    JEL classification:

    • E65 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Studies of Particular Policy Episodes
    • P17 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Capitalist Economies - - - Performance and Prospects

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