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Factors Influencing Inter-regional Living-Cost Differentials: Panel Data Analysis for the Case of the U.S

Author

Listed:
  • Cebula, Richard J.

    (Davis College of Business, Jacksonville University, Jacksonville, Florida, USA)

  • Connaughton, John

    (University of North Carolina Charlotte, North Carolina, USA)

  • Swartz, Caroline

    (University of North Carolina Charlotte, North Carolina, USA)

Abstract

This empirical study seeks to identify key factors that have influenced geographic (interstate) living-cost differentials in the U.S. in recent years. However, given the evolving literature on the effects of economic freedom in recent years, unlike previous related studies, there is a focus here on the impact of market freedom, in particular, overall labor market freedom. This study effectively differs from previous related studies in a number of ways, including: (a) the adoption of a state-level panel dataset for estimation purposes that represents the period 2000-2012; (b) studying domestic geographic living-cost differentials through Cross Section Random Effects and other estimations; and (c) formally inquiring expressly whether a higher level of labor market freedom (a factor heretofore effectively ignored in the literature on inter-regional living-cost differentials), by increasing the efficiency of labor market transactions so as to reduce the overall cost of production and/or distribution of goods and services within the state, acts to reduce the overall cost of living in the state. Among other things, the estimations all provide compelling evidence that states with higher levels of overall labor market freedom do have a lower overall cost of living. I fattori che determinano i differenziali nel costo della vita: un’analisi panel data del caso Stati Uniti Questo studio empirico cerca di identificare i fattori chiave che hanno influenzato negli ultimi anni i differenziali di vita tra i diversi stati degli USA. Data la recente evoluzione della letteratura sugli effetti della libertà economica questo studio, a differenza dei lavori precedenti, si focalizza sull’impatto della liberalizzazione dei mercati, in particolare del mercato del lavoro. Sostanzialmente questo articolo differisce dai precedenti sotto diversi aspetti tra i quali: (a) l’adozione di un panel di dati a livello di stati per il periodo 2000-2012; (b) lo studio dei differenziali nel costo della vita anche tramite i Cross Section Random Effects; (c) l’analisi della relazione tra livello di libertà nel mercato del lavoro (fattore ignorato in precedenza dalla letteratura sull’argomento), e l’efficienza delle transazioni che riducendo i costi globali di produzione e/o distribuzione delle merci e dei servizi all’interno di uno stato, causa una riduzione del costo globale della vita all’interno di quello stato. Tra l’altro, tutte le stime forniscono evidenze che gli stati con più alti livelli di libertà nel mercato del lavoro hanno un costo di vita globale più basso.

Suggested Citation

  • Cebula, Richard J. & Connaughton, John & Swartz, Caroline, 2017. "Factors Influencing Inter-regional Living-Cost Differentials: Panel Data Analysis for the Case of the U.S," Economia Internazionale / International Economics, Camera di Commercio Industria Artigianato Agricoltura di Genova, vol. 70(3), pages 281-300.
  • Handle: RePEc:ris:ecoint:0804
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Richard J. Cebula, 1980. "Determinants of Geographic Living-Cost Differentials in the United States: An Empirical Note," Land Economics, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 56(4), pages 477-481.
    2. Richard J. Cebula, 1978. "An Empirical Note on the Tiebout-Tullock Hypothesis," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 92(4), pages 705-711.
    3. Manuel Arellano & Stephen Bond, 1991. "Some Tests of Specification for Panel Data: Monte Carlo Evidence and an Application to Employment Equations," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 58(2), pages 277-297.
    4. Richard J. Cebula, 1989. "The Analysis of Geographic Living-Cost Differentials: A Brief Empirical Note," Land Economics, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 65(1), pages 64-67.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Interstate Living-Cost Differentials; Labor Market Freedom; Income; Population Size; Demographic Traits; Climate;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • R11 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, Environmental Issues, and Changes
    • R20 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Household Analysis - - - General
    • R22 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Household Analysis - - - Other Demand
    • R29 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Household Analysis - - - Other

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