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Endettement extérieur et politique économique

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  • Jacques Le Cacheux
  • Christian Vasseur

Abstract

[eng] The amount of external debt has become a central concern in French economic policy-making. Its rapid increase in 1982 and 1983 was a major factor in the decision to reverse the course of economic policy. Evaluating a country's external position is difficult due to the variety of the financial assets that might be taken into account and because no such thing as a satisfactory wealth accounting system is available. The first section of this paper is dedicated to a discussion of the various concepts of foreign debt and to a comparative presentation of French and US indebtedness. In the analyses outlined in the second section, external indebtedness is seen as the possible outcome of optimal saving and investment behaviors ; such a foreign debt is perpetual and efficient. The third section shows that external indebtedness may also arise from demand-management policies, be it in order to minimise the employment losses caused by a desinflationary policy, or to try to curb unemployment without accelerating inflation. Finally, when discussing the costs of external indebtedness, we are lead to draw a sharp distinction between the French and the US situations, essentially because only the US are in a position to go into debt denominated in their own currency. [fre] Le niveau de la dette extérieure est devenu une préoccupation majeure des responsables de la politique économique française. Son accroissement rapide en 1982 et 1983 est une des raisons qui ont poussé au changement d'orientation de la politique économique. L'évaluation de la position extérieure d'un pays est rendue difficile par la variété des actifs financiers qu'il est possible de prendre en compte et par l'absence d'une comptabilité patrimoniale satisfaisante. La première partie de cette étude est consacrée à une discussion des différents concepts de dette extérieure et à la mise en perspective des endettements français et américain. Les analyses présentées dans la seconde partie font apparaître l'endettement extérieur comme la conséquence possible de comportements optimaux d'épargne et d'investissement ; la dette est alors perpétuelle et efficiente. La troisième partie montre que l'endettement peut aussi s'inscrire dans le cadre d'une politique de régulation de la demande globale, que celle-ci vise à minimiser les pertes d'emplois causées par une désinflation ou qu'elle cherche à résorber le chômage sans accélérer l'inflation. Enfin la discussion des coûts de l'endettement conclut à une dissymétrie des situations française et américaine, liée au fait que seuls les États-Unis ont la faculté de s'endetter dans leur propre monnaie.

Suggested Citation

  • Jacques Le Cacheux & Christian Vasseur, 1985. "Endettement extérieur et politique économique," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 13(1), pages 149-184.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:rvofce:ofce_0751-6614_1985_num_13_1_1042
    DOI: 10.3406/ofce.1985.1042
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ofce.1985.1042
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jean-Paul Fitoussi & Edmund S. Phelps, 1987. "Politique économique aux Etats-Unis et croissance du chômage en Europe," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 18(1), pages 123-147.
    2. Jean-Paul Fitoussi & Jacques Le Cacheux, 1989. "Une théorie des années quatre-vingt," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 29(1), pages 117-160.
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    4. Jean-Paul Fitoussi & Jacques Le Cacheux, 1988. "Ruptures et continuités dans l'orientation des politiques macroéconomiques des pays de l'OCDE," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 22(1), pages 131-164.
    5. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/5953 is not listed on IDEAS
    6. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/5952 is not listed on IDEAS

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