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Croissance endogène et externalités des dépenses publiques

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  • Taoufik Rajhi

Abstract

[fre] Croissance endogène et externalités des dépenses publiques. . Cet article développe un modèle de croissance fondé sur celui d'Uzawa [1965], mais adopte une interprétation en termes de capital humain conforme à celle de Lucas [1988]. Cependant, il se distingue de ce dernier auteur par la façon dont l'externalité est conçue. Chez Lucas, elle provient de l'interaction entre production et capital humain, alors que dans ce modèle elle découle de l'interdépendance entre production et dépenses publiques. Dans ce sens, le modèle est très proche de celui de Barro [1990] mais se distingue de ce dernier par l'existence de deux secteurs et la prise en compte explicite du capital humain.. Tant que l'économie est en dehors de son sentier de croissance stationnaire, les dépenses publiques augmentent le taux de croissance de l'investissement, de la consommation et le taux d'épargne, alors que la taxation du revenu les réduit Mais contrairement à Barro [1990], une fois l'économie engagée sur le sentier de croissance stationnaire, la politique économique perd tout « effet de croissance » ; par contre, elle continue à agir sur le niveau d'équilibre des variables en déplaçant parallèlement tout le sentier de croissance sans altérer sa pente. Conformément aux travaux empiriques, le différentiel de taux de croissance entre les pays pourrait s'expliquer par un différentiel d'efficacité marginale des dépenses publiques et en aucun cas, comme le laissait croire Barro, par la valeur absolue de sa part dans le revenu national. [eng] Endogenous growth and public spending externalities. . We analyse an endogenous growth model which appears as a synthesis of models of Uzawa [1965], Lucas [1988] and Barro [1990]. Contrary to the resuit of Barro, public spending has no effect on the long run rate of growth, but it does have a level-effect on the long-run growth path. Macroeconomic policies also have short run effects.. Outside the long-run growth path, public spending increases the rates of growth of investment and consumption as well as the saving rate. Our empirical work confirms that inter-countries rate of growth differentials may be explained by differentials in the marginal efficiency of public spending rather than by differentials in the shares of public spending in GNP.

Suggested Citation

  • Taoufik Rajhi, 1993. "Croissance endogène et externalités des dépenses publiques," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 44(2), pages 335-368.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1993_num_44_2_409453
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Romer, Paul M, 1986. "Increasing Returns and Long-run Growth," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 94(5), pages 1002-1037, October.
    2. Lucas, Robert E, Jr, 1990. "Why Doesn't Capital Flow from Rich to Poor Countries?," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 80(2), pages 92-96, May.
    3. Barro, Robert J, 1990. "Government Spending in a Simple Model of Endogenous Growth," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 98(5), pages 103-126, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. François Facchini & Elena Seghezza, 2021. "Legislative production and public spending in France," Public Choice, Springer, vol. 189(1), pages 71-91, October.
    2. Diagne, Youssoupha Sakrya & Sy, Hamat & Thiam, Dame, 2014. "Efficience des dépenses publiques au Sénégal [Public spending efficiency in Senegal]," MPRA Paper 113994, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Pierre-Yves Hénin & Pierre Ralle, 1993. "Les nouvelles théories de la croissance : quelques apports pour la politique économique," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 44(1), pages 75-100.
    4. Tahtah, Hind, 2013. "Les dépenses publiques et la croissance économique au Maroc [Public expenditures and economic growth in Morocco]," MPRA Paper 72107, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2015.
    5. Patrick Villieu & Taoufik Rajhi, 1993. "Accélération monétaire et croissance endogène," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 44(2), pages 257-286.
    6. Sylvie Charlot, 1996. "Effects of public expenditures on economic development : a model of regional equilibrium [Les effets des dépenses publiques sur la croissance : un modèle d'équilibre régional]," Working Papers hal-01526935, HAL.

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