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Indices de concentration et pouvoir de monopole

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  • David Encaoua
  • Alexis Jacquemin

Abstract

[eng] which all measures of concentration and indexes of aggregate monopoly power derived from the Lerner index, should possess. On this theoretical basis, they have demonstrated that within the confines of varions oligopoly models (non-cooperative Cournot-Nash, price leadership, differentiated oligopoly models), the main measures of concentration, including the entropy measure, can be related to indexes of aggregate degree of monopoly. Using the property of the entropy measure according to which it can be decomposed into additive elements, the authors have also disentangled the respective roles of concentration within a class of firms (or products) and between classes, in the determination of mono­poly power. [fre] En dépit du recours habituel, en économie industrielle, aux mesures de concen­tration industrielle comme moyen d'estimer empiriquement le pouvoir de mono­pole, il n'exista pas d'analyse théorique qui établisse un lien général entre indices de concentration et degré de monopole. Les auteurs de cet article ont d'abord explicité certaines propriétés que doivent vérifier une mesure de concentration et une expression du pouvoir de monopole global au sein d'une branche composée de producteurs ayant chacun un taux de marge bénéficiaire mesuré par l'indice de Lerner. Sur cette base, ils montrent ensuite que la plupart des mesures de concentration, y compris l'entropie pour laquelle il n'existait pas jusqu'ici de justification théorique, ont un lien direct avec le degré de monopole, dans le cas de plusieurs modèles de concurrence oligopolistiquqe (modèles de Cournot-Nash, de la firme dominante, de l'oligopole différencié). Le recours à la propriété entropique de décomposition leur permet également de distinguer entre le rôle de la concentration au sein d'une classe (de firmes ou de produits) et le rôle de la concentration entre les classes, pour déterminer le pouvoir de monopole existant dans une branche.

Suggested Citation

  • David Encaoua & Alexis Jacquemin, 1978. "Indices de concentration et pouvoir de monopole," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 29(3), pages 514-537.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1978_num_29_3_408396
    DOI: 10.3406/reco.1978.408396
    Note: DOI:10.3406/reco.1978.408396
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Saving, Thomas R, 1970. "Concentration Ratios and the Degree of Monopoly," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 11(1), pages 139-146, February.
    2. Alex Jacquemin, 1975. "Une mesure entropique de la diversification des entreprises," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 26(5), pages 834-838.
    3. Cowling, Keith & Waterson, Michael, 1976. "Price-Cost Margins and Market Structure," Economica, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 43(171), pages 267-274, August.
    4. A. P. Lerner, 1934. "The Concept of Monopoly and the Measurement of Monopoly Power," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 1(3), pages 157-175.
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    2. Jean-Pascal Simonin, 1980. "Indices de concentration, pouvoir de monopole et variations conjecturales : quelques extensions," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 31(1), pages 121-135.

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