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Visual sources and information usefulness in the second-hand market: User-generated, firm-generated, and mixed photos across price conditions

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  • Xin Cao
  • Aqilah Yaacob
  • Kim Mee Chong

Abstract

This study examines how photo source configurations are associated with perceived information usefulness in second-hand e-commerce and whether these relationships vary across displayed-price conditions. Drawing on the Information Adoption Model (IAM) and Signaling Theory, the study conceptualizes product photos as both visual evidence about product condition and seller-related market signals. A 3 × 2 between-subjects experiment was conducted using simulated iPhone product pages on Xianyu (n = 660). The experiment compared User-Generated Photos (UGPs), Firm-Generated Photos (FGPs), and Mixed Photos across higher and lower displayed-price conditions. Data were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling, multi-group analysis, and supplementary interaction tests. The results show that both information quality and source credibility were positively associated with information usefulness. At the overall photo-source level, the information quality–information usefulness relationship was stronger for Mixed Photos and FGPs than for UGPs, whereas the source credibility–information usefulness relationship was strongest for FGPs. Differences across displayed-price conditions were limited and configuration-specific. The information quality relationship was stronger under the higher displayed-price condition, with the clearest difference observed for Mixed Photos, whereas no consistent price-related difference emerged for the source credibility relationship. These findings extend the application of IAM to visual information evaluation in second-hand markets by showing that photo source configurations correspond to distinct evaluative routes and that these relationships can vary across displayed-price contexts.

Suggested Citation

  • Xin Cao & Aqilah Yaacob & Kim Mee Chong, 2026. "Visual sources and information usefulness in the second-hand market: User-generated, firm-generated, and mixed photos across price conditions," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 21(8), pages 1-14, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0356763
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0356763
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