IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/plo/pone00/0326809.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Analysis of global stock market development—Integration of clustering, classification, and shapley values

Author

Listed:
  • Marcin Stawarz

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the development of global stock exchanges by integrating clustering, classification, and Shapley Values to identify growth patterns and understand the differences in market characteristics and dynamics. The research applies the K-means algorithm for clustering, which enables the segmentation of exchanges based on their similarities. This is followed by using the random forest algorithm to classify these clusters and evaluate the importance of various features. Shapley Values are employed to interpret the contribution of individual variables to the model’s predictions, considering all possible combinations of features. The empirical analysis is based on data from 82 stock exchanges worldwide, sourced from organizations such as the World Federation of Exchanges and the International Monetary Fund. Key variables used include market capitalization, trading value, the number of listed companies, and share turnover velocity. The results highlight the significant heterogeneity among exchanges, with major markets like those in China and the United States forming distinct clusters due to their size, capitalization, and high trading activity. This distinction underscores their dominant position in the global financial landscape. Moreover, exchanges that have emerged from mergers, such as Euronext and NASDAQ Nordic, demonstrate superior characteristics compared to their peers, indicating that consolidation can be an effective strategy for competing with larger markets and enhancing global competitiveness. The study’s findings show that integrating clustering, classification, and Shapley Values is a robust approach for uncovering complex structures within financial markets. This approach provides deeper insights for market participants and policymakers into the growth patterns and strategic positioning of stock exchanges, offering valuable implications for future market development and competition strategies.

Suggested Citation

  • Marcin Stawarz, 2025. "Analysis of global stock market development—Integration of clustering, classification, and shapley values," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 20(6), pages 1-21, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0326809
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0326809
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0326809
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0326809&type=printable
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1371/journal.pone.0326809?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Stijn Claessens & Luc Laeven, 2003. "Financial Development, Property Rights, and Growth," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 58(6), pages 2401-2436, December.
    2. Levine, Ross, 2005. "Finance and Growth: Theory and Evidence," Handbook of Economic Growth, in: Philippe Aghion & Steven Durlauf (ed.), Handbook of Economic Growth, edition 1, volume 1, chapter 12, pages 865-934, Elsevier.
    3. Mishkin, Frederic S., 2009. "Globalization and financial development," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 89(2), pages 164-169, July.
    4. Sunanda Sen, 2003. "Global Finance and Development," Palgrave Macmillan Books, in: Global Finance at Risk, chapter 4, pages 156-181, Palgrave Macmillan.
    5. Gai, Prasanna & Haldane, Andrew & Kapadia, Sujit, 2011. "Complexity, concentration and contagion," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 58(5), pages 453-470.
    6. Beck , Thorsten & Demirguc-Kunt, Asli & Levine, Ross, 2009. "Financial institutions and markets across countries and over time - data and analysis," Policy Research Working Paper Series 4943, The World Bank.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Martin Strieborny & Madina Kukenova, 2016. "Investment in Relationship-Specific Assets: Does Finance Matter?," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 20(4), pages 1487-1515.
    2. James R. Brown & Gustav Martinsson & Bruce C. Petersen, 2013. "Law, Stock Markets, and Innovation," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 68(4), pages 1517-1549, August.
    3. Qamar ABBAS & Muhammad RAMZAN & Sumbal FATIMA, 2022. "Financial development and public debt. Estimating the role of institutional quality," Theoretical and Applied Economics, Asociatia Generala a Economistilor din Romania / Editura Economica, vol. 0(3(632), A), pages 5-26, Autumn.
    4. Angeloni, Ignazio & Kasinger, Johannes & Chantawit Tantasith, 2021. "The geography of banks in the United States (1990-2020)," SAFE Working Paper Series 321, Leibniz Institute for Financial Research SAFE.
    5. Leopoldo Fergusson, 2006. "Institutions for Financial Development: What are they and where do they come from?," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 20(1), pages 27-70, February.
    6. Hendrik Hakenes & Iftekhar Hasan & PhilIP Molyneux & Ru Xie, 2015. "Small Banks and Local Economic Development," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 19(2), pages 653-683.
    7. Clement Olalekan Olaniyi & Sunday Idowu Oladeji, 2021. "Moderating the effect of institutional quality on the finance–growth nexus: insights from West African countries," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 54(1), pages 43-74, February.
    8. Iacovone, Leonardo & Ferro, Esteban & Pereira-López, Mariana & Zavacka, Veronika, 2019. "Banking crises and exports: Lessons from the past," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 192-204.
    9. Domenico Giannone & Michele Lenza & Lucrezia Reichlin, 2011. "Market Freedom and the Global Recession," IMF Economic Review, Palgrave Macmillan;International Monetary Fund, vol. 59(1), pages 111-135, April.
    10. Moral-Benito, Enrique & Roehn, Oliver, 2016. "The impact of financial regulation on current account balances," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 148-166.
    11. Madeira, Carlos, 2024. "The impact of macroprudential policies on industrial growth," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 145(C).
    12. Can ERBIL & Durmus OZDEMIR, 2008. "Does Financial Liberalization Trigger Long-Run Economic Growth?," EcoMod2008 23800033, EcoMod.
    13. Almeida, Heitor & Campello, Murillo & Weisbach, Michael S., 2011. "Corporate financial and investment policies when future financing is not frictionless," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 17(3), pages 675-693, June.
    14. Nabamita Dutta & Deepraj Mukherjee, 2018. "Can financial development enhance transparency?," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 51(4), pages 279-302, November.
    15. Thorsten Beck & Asli Demirguc‐Kunt & Luc Laeven & Ross Levine, 2008. "Finance, Firm Size, and Growth," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 40(7), pages 1379-1405, October.
    16. Oleg Badunenko & Diego Romero‐Ávila, 2013. "Financial Development And The Sources Of Growth And Convergence," International Economic Review, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania and Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association, vol. 54(2), pages 629-663, May.
    17. Beck Thorsten & Büyükkarabacak Berrak & Rioja Felix K. & Valev Neven T., 2012. "Who Gets the Credit? And Does It Matter? Household vs. Firm Lending Across Countries," The B.E. Journal of Macroeconomics, De Gruyter, vol. 12(1), pages 1-46, March.
    18. Grjebine, Thomas & Szczerbowicz, Urszula & Tripier, Fabien, 2018. "Corporate debt structure and economic recoveries," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 77-100.
    19. Ahlin, Christian & Pang, Jiaren, 2008. "Are financial development and corruption control substitutes in promoting growth?," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 86(2), pages 414-433, June.
    20. Allegret, Jean-Pierre & Couharde, Cécile & Coulibaly, Dramane & Mignon, Valérie, 2014. "Current accounts and oil price fluctuations in oil-exporting countries: The role of financial development," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 185-201.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0326809. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: plosone (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.