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An integer GARCH model for a Poisson process with time-varying zero-inflation

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  • Isuru Panduka Ratnayake
  • V A Samaranayake

Abstract

A serially dependent Poisson process with time-varying zero-inflation is proposed. Such formulations have the potential to model count data time series arising from phenomena such as infectious diseases that ebb and flow over time. The model assumes that the intensity of the Poisson process evolves according to a generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedastic (GARCH) formulation and allows the zero-inflation parameter to vary over time and be governed by a deterministic function or by an exogenous variable. Both the expectation maximization (EM) and the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) approaches are presented as possible estimation methods. A simulation study shows that both parameter estimation methods provide good estimates. Applications to two real-life data sets on infant deaths due to influenza show that the proposed integer-valued GARCH (INGARCH) model provides a better fit in general than existing zero-inflated INGARCH models. We also extended a non-linear INGARCH model to include zero-inflation and an exogenous input. This extended model performed as well as our proposed model with respect to some criteria, but not with respect to all.

Suggested Citation

  • Isuru Panduka Ratnayake & V A Samaranayake, 2023. "An integer GARCH model for a Poisson process with time-varying zero-inflation," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 18(5), pages 1-32, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0285769
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285769
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Ghahramani, M. & Thavaneswaran, A., 2009. "On some properties of Autoregressive Conditional Poisson (ACP) models," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 105(3), pages 273-275, December.
    3. Benjamin Kedem & Konstantinos Fokianos, 2002. "Regression Models for Binary Time Series," International Series in Operations Research & Management Science, in: Moshe Dror & Pierre L’Ecuyer & Ferenc Szidarovszky (ed.), Modeling Uncertainty, chapter 0, pages 185-199, Springer.
    4. Christian Weiß, 2009. "Modelling time series of counts with overdispersion," Statistical Methods & Applications, Springer;Società Italiana di Statistica, vol. 18(4), pages 507-519, November.
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