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Frameworks for measuring population health: A scoping review

Author

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  • Sze Ling Chan
  • Clement Zhong Hao Ho
  • Nang Ei Ei Khaing
  • Ezra Ho
  • Candelyn Pong
  • Jia Sheng Guan
  • Calida Chua
  • Zongbin Li
  • Trudi Lim
  • Sean Shao Wei Lam
  • Lian Leng Low
  • Choon How How

Abstract

Introduction: Many regions in the world are using the population health approach and require a means to measure the health of their population of interest. Population health frameworks provide a theoretical grounding for conceptualization of population health and therefore a logical basis for selection of indicators. The aim of this scoping review was to provide an overview and summary of the characteristics of existing population health frameworks that have been used to conceptualize the measurement of population health. Methods: We used the Population, Concept and Context (PCC) framework to define eligibility criteria of frameworks. We were interested in frameworks applicable for general populations, that contained components of measurement of health with or without its antecedents and applied at the population level or used a population health approach. Eligible reports of eligible frameworks should include at least domains and subdomains, purpose, or indicators. We searched 5 databases (Pubmed, EMBASE, Web of Science, NYAM Grey Literature Report, and OpenGrey), governmental and organizational sites on Google and websites of selected organizations using keywords from the PCC framework. Characteristics of the frameworks were summarized descriptively and narratively. Results: Fifty-seven frameworks were included. The majority originated from the US (46%), Europe (23%) and Canada (19%). Apart from 1 framework developed for rural populations and 2 for indigenous populations, the rest were for general urban populations. The numbers of domains, subdomains and indicators were highly variable. Health status and social determinants of health were the most common domains across all frameworks. Different frameworks had different priorities and therefore focus on different domains. Conclusion: Key domains common across frameworks other than health status were social determinants of health, health behaviours and healthcare system performance. The results in this review serve as a useful resource for governments and healthcare organizations for informing their population health measurement efforts.

Suggested Citation

  • Sze Ling Chan & Clement Zhong Hao Ho & Nang Ei Ei Khaing & Ezra Ho & Candelyn Pong & Jia Sheng Guan & Calida Chua & Zongbin Li & Trudi Lim & Sean Shao Wei Lam & Lian Leng Low & Choon How How, 2024. "Frameworks for measuring population health: A scoping review," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 19(2), pages 1-18, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0278434
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278434
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Reeve, Carole & Humphreys, John & Wakerman, John, 2015. "A comprehensive health service evaluation and monitoring framework," Evaluation and Program Planning, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 91-98.
    2. Neal R. Haddaway & Matthew J. Page & Chris C. Pritchard & Luke A. McGuinness, 2022. "PRISMA2020: An R package and Shiny app for producing PRISMA 2020‐compliant flow diagrams, with interactivity for optimised digital transparency and Open Synthesis," Campbell Systematic Reviews, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 18(2), June.
    3. McDowell, I. & Spasoff, R.A. & Kristjansson, B., 2004. "On the Classification of Population Health Measurements," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 94(3), pages 388-393.
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