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Prevalence of Mental Disorders in the South-East of Spain, One of the European Regions Most Affected by the Economic Crisis: The Cross-Sectional PEGASUS-Murcia Project

Author

Listed:
  • Fernando Navarro-Mateu
  • Mª José Tormo
  • Diego Salmerón
  • Gemma Vilagut
  • Carmen Navarro
  • Guadalupe Ruíz-Merino
  • Teresa Escámez
  • Javier Júdez
  • Salvador Martínez
  • Ron C Kessler
  • Jordi Alonso

Abstract

Background: To describe the lifetime and 12-month prevalence, severity and age of onset distribution of DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) disorders and to explore the association between socio-demographic variables and economic stressors with mental disorders during the economic crisis in the general population of Murcia (Spain). Methods and Findings: The PEGASUS-Murcia Project is a cross-sectional face-to-face interview survey of a representative sample of non-institutionalized adults in Murcia administered between June 2010 and May 2012. DSM-IV disorders were assessed by the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.0). Main outcome measures were lifetime and 12-month prevalence of Anxiety, Mood, Impulse and Substance Disorders, Severity and Age of Onset. Sociodemographic variables and stressful economic life events during the preceding 12 months were entered as independent variables in a logistic regression analysis. A total of 2,621 participants (67.4% response rate) were interviewed, 54.5% female, mean age 48.6 years. Twelve-month prevalence (95%CI) of disorders: anxiety 9.7% (7.6–12.2), mood 6.6% (5.5–8.1), impulse 0.3% (0.1–1.2) and substance use 1.0% (0.4–2.4) disorders. Lifetime prevalence: anxiety 15.0% (12.3–18.1), mood 15.6% (13.5–18.1), impulse 2.4% (1.4–4.0) and substance use 8.3% (6.2–11.0) disorders. Severity among 12-month cases: serious 29.2% (20.8–39.4), moderate 35.6% (24.0–49.1) and mild severity 35.2% (29.5–41.5). Women were 3.7 and 2.5 times more likely than men to suffer 12-month anxiety and mood disorders, respectively. Substance use was more frequent among men. Younger age and lower income were associated with higher prevalence. Respondents exposed to multiple and recent economic stressors had the highest risk of anxiety disorders. Conclusions: Mental disorders in the adult population of Murcia during the economic crisis were more prevalent and serious than those in previous estimates for Spain. Prevalence was strongly associated with exposure to stressors related to the economic crisis.

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  • Fernando Navarro-Mateu & Mª José Tormo & Diego Salmerón & Gemma Vilagut & Carmen Navarro & Guadalupe Ruíz-Merino & Teresa Escámez & Javier Júdez & Salvador Martínez & Ron C Kessler & Jordi Alonso, 2015. "Prevalence of Mental Disorders in the South-East of Spain, One of the European Regions Most Affected by the Economic Crisis: The Cross-Sectional PEGASUS-Murcia Project," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(9), pages 1-22, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0137293
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137293
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Modrek, S. & Hamad, R. & Cullen, M.R., 2015. "Psychological well-being during the great recession: changes in mental health care utilization in an occupational cohort," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 105(2), pages 304-310.
    2. Modrek, S. & Hamad, R. & Cullen, M.R., 2015. "Psychological well-being during the great recession: Changes in mental health care utilization in an occupational cohort," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 105(2), pages 304-310.
    3. Simou, Effie & Koutsogeorgou, Eleni, 2014. "Effects of the economic crisis on health and healthcare in Greece in the literature from 2009 to 2013: A systematic review," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 115(2), pages 111-119.
    4. Wahlbeck, Kristian & McDaid, David, 2012. "Actions to alleviate the mental health impact of the economic crisis," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 46543, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
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    1. Joan Gil, 2016. "Is Marriage Protecting your Health in Recession Times?," Studies on the Spanish Economy eee2016-19, FEDEA.
    2. Alejandro Porras-Segovia & Eulalio Valmisa & Blanca Gutiérrez & Isabel Ruiz & Miguel Rodríguez-Barranco & Jorge Cervilla, 2018. "Prevalence and correlates of major depression in Granada, Spain: Results from the GranadΣp study," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 64(5), pages 450-458, August.
    3. Clara Maestre-Miquel & Ana López-de-Andrés & Zichen Ji & Javier de Miguel-Diez & Arturo Brocate & Sara Sanz-Rojo & Antonio López-Farre & David Carabantes-Alarcon & Rodrigo Jiménez-García & José J. Zam, 2021. "Gender Differences in the Prevalence of Mental Health, Psychological Distress and Psychotropic Medication Consumption in Spain: A Nationwide Population-Based Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(12), pages 1-15, June.
    4. Eva Real & Lluís Jover & Ricard Verdaguer & Antoni Griera & Cinto Segalàs & Pino Alonso & Fernando Contreras & Antoni Arteman & José M Menchón, 2016. "Factors Associated with Long-Term Sickness Absence Due to Mental Disorders: A Cohort Study of 7.112 Patients during the Spanish Economic Crisis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(1), pages 1-16, January.
    5. Marc Saez & Maria Antònia Barceló & Carme Saurina & Andrés Cabrera & Antonio Daponte, 2019. "Evaluation of the Biases in the Studies that Assess the Effects of the Great Recession on Health. A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(14), pages 1-20, July.

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