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Sharing R&D Risk in Healthcare via FDA Hedges
[Bank lines of credit as contingent liquidity: Covenant violations and their implications]

Author

Listed:
  • Adam Jørring
  • Andrew W Lo
  • Tomas J Philipson
  • Manita Singh
  • Richard T Thakor

Abstract

Biomedical innovation suffers from a “funding gap” between the needs of drug development firms and the availability of funds. The requirement of large investments for drug development projects and the high pipeline risk associated with FDA approval causes this funding gap in part. In this paper, we propose a new financial instrument—the “FDA hedge”—that pays off upon FDA approval failure. We develop a theory to show that the FDA hedge can help eliminate the funding gap. Using novel project-level data, we establish empirically that FDA hedge risk is idiosyncratic, and show how better sharing this risk can spur welfare-enhancing R&D. (JEL G11, G13, G22, I11, L65, O32Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.

Suggested Citation

  • Adam Jørring & Andrew W Lo & Tomas J Philipson & Manita Singh & Richard T Thakor, 2022. "Sharing R&D Risk in Healthcare via FDA Hedges [Bank lines of credit as contingent liquidity: Covenant violations and their implications]," The Review of Corporate Finance Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 11(4), pages 880-922.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:rcorpf:v:11:y:2022:i:4:p:880-922.
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/rcfs/cfab024
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Allen, Franklin & Barbalau, Adelina, 2024. "Security design: A review," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).
    2. Anciaes, Paulo & Jones, Peter, 2020. "Transport policy for liveability – Valuing the impacts on movement, place, and society," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 157-173.
    3. Haddad, Valentin & Ho, Paul & Loualiche, Erik, 2022. "Bubbles and the value of innovation," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 145(1), pages 69-84.
    4. Drabek, Allison G. & Li, Xin & Bolick, Barbara & Locke, Darlene H. & Gardner, Julie G. & Briers, Gary E. & Wang, Jun, 2024. "Youth leadership development in the 4-H Foods and Nutrition program," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 166(C).
    5. Casey B. Mulligan, 2020. "Economic Activity and the Value of Medical Innovation during a Pandemic," NBER Working Papers 27060, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    6. Anjan V. Thakor, 2023. "Finance research: What are the new frontiers?," The Financial Review, Eastern Finance Association, vol. 58(3), pages 453-462, August.
    7. Tonmoy Chatterjee & Nilendu Chatterjee, 2022. "Does Innovation Make Nations More Healthy? Evidence from Developing and Developed Countries," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 13(4), pages 3296-3325, December.
    8. Richard T. Thakor & Andrew W. Lo, 2017. "Optimal Financing for R&D-Intensive Firms," NBER Working Papers 23831, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    9. Casey B. Mulligan, 2020. "Economic Activity and the Value of Medical Innovation during a Pandemic," Working Papers 2020-48, Becker Friedman Institute for Research In Economics.
    10. Lo, Andrew W. & Thakor, Richard T., 2023. "Financial intermediation and the funding of biomedical innovation: A review," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 54(C).
    11. Goldman, Jim & Peress, Joel, 2023. "Firm R&D and financial analysis: How do they interact?," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 53(C).

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • G11 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Portfolio Choice; Investment Decisions
    • G12 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Asset Pricing; Trading Volume; Bond Interest Rates
    • G13 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Contingent Pricing; Futures Pricing
    • G22 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Insurance; Insurance Companies; Actuarial Studies
    • G23 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Non-bank Financial Institutions; Financial Instruments; Institutional Investors
    • G31 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Capital Budgeting; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies
    • I18 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Government Policy; Regulation; Public Health
    • K23 - Law and Economics - - Regulation and Business Law - - - Regulated Industries and Administrative Law
    • L65 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Manufacturing - - - Chemicals; Rubber; Drugs; Biotechnology; Plastics
    • O32 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Management of Technological Innovation and R&D

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