IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/nbp/nbpbik/v54y2023i6p625-650.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Application of the Bayesian approach in loss given default modelling

Author

Listed:
  • Aneta Ptak-Chmielewska

    (Warsaw School of Economics)

  • Paweł Kopciuszewski

    (Vistula University of Warsaw, ING Hubs Poland)

Abstract

In some credit portfolios the number of observed defaults is always very limited. This is particularly evident in the Loss Given Default (LGD) estimation based on the new definition of default (the new definition of default was introduced in European banks in recent years) where only a small sample of empirical data is observed. The basic proposed LGD model is based on splitting recoveries into two classes of recoveries: value close to 0 or close to 1. This paper addresses also the problem with unresolved cases using the Bayesian approach, which assumes a distribution of further recoveries for unresolved cases. The Bayesian approach is considered with a combination of two binary models. The modelling approach for LGD is illustrated on real data for a long time period for mortgage loans. The proposed methodology takes into account the specificity of LGD data for both bimodal LGD distribution and uncertainty about unresolved cases, which lead to reduce a model bias.

Suggested Citation

  • Aneta Ptak-Chmielewska & Paweł Kopciuszewski, 2023. "Application of the Bayesian approach in loss given default modelling," Bank i Kredyt, Narodowy Bank Polski, vol. 54(6), pages 625-650.
    • Handle: RePEc:nbp:nbpbik:v:54:y:2023:i:6:p:625-650
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://bankikredyt.nbp.pl/content/2023/06/bik_06_2023_03.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Radovan Chalupka & Juraj Kopecsni, 2009. "Modeling Bank Loan LGD of Corporate and SME Segments: A Case Study," Czech Journal of Economics and Finance (Finance a uver), Charles University Prague, Faculty of Social Sciences, vol. 59(4), pages 360-382, Oktober.
    2. Bastos, João A., 2010. "Forecasting bank loans loss-given-default," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 34(10), pages 2510-2517, October.
    3. Gurdip Bakshi & Dilip B. Madan & Frank X. Zhang, 2001. "Investigating the sources of default risk: lessons from empirically evaluating credit risk models," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2001-15, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    4. Mario Anolli & Elena Beccalli & Tommaso Giordani (ed.), 2013. "Retail Credit Risk Management," Palgrave Macmillan Studies in Banking and Financial Institutions, Palgrave Macmillan, number 978-1-137-00676-9, December.
    5. Yao, Xiao & Crook, Jonathan & Andreeva, Galina, 2017. "Enhancing two-stage modelling methodology for loss given default with support vector machines," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 263(2), pages 679-689.
    6. Jobst, Rainer & Kellner, Ralf & Rösch, Daniel, 2020. "Bayesian loss given default estimation for European sovereign bonds," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 36(3), pages 1073-1091.
    7. Marko Kosak & Jure Poljsak, 2010. "Loss given default determinants in a commercial bank lending: an emerging market case study," Zbornik radova Ekonomskog fakulteta u Rijeci/Proceedings of Rijeka Faculty of Economics, University of Rijeka, Faculty of Economics and Business, vol. 28(1), pages 61-88.
    8. Dirk Tasche, 2004. "The single risk factor approach to capital charges in case of correlated loss given default rates," Papers cond-mat/0402390, arXiv.org, revised Feb 2004.
    9. Katarzyna Bijak & Lyn C Thomas, 2015. "Modelling LGD for unsecured retail loans using Bayesian methods," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 66(2), pages 342-352, February.
    10. Dermine, J. & de Carvalho, C. Neto, 2006. "Bank loan losses-given-default: A case study," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 30(4), pages 1219-1243, April.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Wojciech Starosta, 2020. "Modelling Recovery Rate for Incomplete Defaults Using Time Varying Predictors," Central European Journal of Economic Modelling and Econometrics, Central European Journal of Economic Modelling and Econometrics, vol. 12(2), pages 195-225, June.
    2. Betz, Jennifer & Kellner, Ralf & Rösch, Daniel, 2018. "Systematic Effects among Loss Given Defaults and their Implications on Downturn Estimation," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 271(3), pages 1113-1144.
    3. Xia, Yufei & Zhao, Junhao & He, Lingyun & Li, Yinguo & Yang, Xiaoli, 2021. "Forecasting loss given default for peer-to-peer loans via heterogeneous stacking ensemble approach," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 37(4), pages 1590-1613.
    4. Natalia Nehrebecka, 2019. "Bank loans recovery rate in commercial banks: A case study of non-financial corporations," Zbornik radova Ekonomskog fakulteta u Rijeci/Proceedings of Rijeka Faculty of Economics, University of Rijeka, Faculty of Economics and Business, vol. 37(1), pages 139-172.
    5. Chen, Xiaowei & Wang, Gang & Zhang, Xiangting, 2019. "Modeling recovery rate for leveraged loans," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 231-241.
    6. Tomas Konecny & Jakub Seidler & Aelta Belyaeva & Konstantin Belyaev, 2017. "The Time Dimension of the Links Between Loss Given Default and the Macroeconomy," Czech Journal of Economics and Finance (Finance a uver), Charles University Prague, Faculty of Social Sciences, vol. 67(6), pages 462-491, October.
    7. Bastos, João A. & Matos, Sara M., 2022. "Explainable models of credit losses," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 301(1), pages 386-394.
    8. Hurlin, Christophe & Leymarie, Jérémy & Patin, Antoine, 2018. "Loss functions for Loss Given Default model comparison," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 268(1), pages 348-360.
    9. Raffaella Calabrese, 2012. "Estimating bank loans loss given default by generalized additive models," Working Papers 201224, Geary Institute, University College Dublin.
    10. Jennifer Betz & Ralf Kellner & Daniel Rösch, 2021. "Time matters: How default resolution times impact final loss rates," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series C, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 70(3), pages 619-644, June.
    11. Starosta, Wojciech, 2021. "Loss given default decomposition using mixture distributions of in-default events," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 292(3), pages 1187-1199.
    12. Konstantin Belyaev & Aelita Belyaeva & Tomas Konecny & Jakub Seidler & Martin Vojtek, 2012. "Macroeconomic Factors as Drivers of LGD Prediction: Empirical Evidence from the Czech Republic," Working Papers 2012/12, Czech National Bank.
    13. Li, Aimin & Li, Zhiyong & Bellotti, Anthony, 2023. "Predicting loss given default of unsecured consumer loans with time-varying survival scores," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).
    14. Abu, Benjamin Musah & Domanban, Paul Bata & Haruna, Issahaku, 2017. "Microcredit Loan Repayment Default among Small Scale Enterprises: A Double Hurdle Approach," MPRA Paper 101576, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 12 Mar 2017.
    15. Marc Gürtler & Marvin Zöllner, 2023. "Heterogeneities among credit risk parameter distributions: the modality defines the best estimation method," OR Spectrum: Quantitative Approaches in Management, Springer;Gesellschaft für Operations Research e.V., vol. 45(1), pages 251-287, March.
    16. Han, Chulwoo & Jang, Youngmin, 2013. "Effects of debt collection practices on loss given default," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(1), pages 21-31.
    17. Yuta Tanoue & Satoshi Yamashita & Hideaki Nagahata, 2020. "Comparison study of two-step LGD estimation model with probability machines," Risk Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 22(3), pages 155-177, September.
    18. Christophe Hurlin & Jérémy Leymarie & Antoine Patin, 2018. "Loss functions for LGD model comparison," Working Papers halshs-01516147, HAL.
    19. Wang, Hong & Forbes, Catherine S. & Fenech, Jean-Pierre & Vaz, John, 2020. "The determinants of bank loan recovery rates in good times and bad – New evidence," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 177(C), pages 875-897.
    20. Salvatore D. Tomarchio & Antonio Punzo, 2019. "Modelling the loss given default distribution via a family of zero‐and‐one inflated mixture models," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 182(4), pages 1247-1266, October.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    small samples; LGD; Bayesian approach; logistic and linear regression; unresolved cases;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C1 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General
    • C11 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Bayesian Analysis: General

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:nbp:nbpbik:v:54:y:2023:i:6:p:625-650. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Wojciech Burjanek (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/nbpgvpl.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.