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Multifaceted drivers for onshore wind energy repowering and their implications for energy transition

Author

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  • Lena Kitzing

    (DTU Technical University of Denmark)

  • Morten Kofoed Jensen

    (DTU Technical University of Denmark)

  • Thomas Telsnig

    (European Commission—Joint Research Centre)

  • Eric Lantz

    (National Renewable Energy Laboratory)

Abstract

Wind energy is anticipated to become a backbone of the future energy system. Ageing wind turbine fleets, increasing land-use constraints and rising relevance of societal factors make the deployment of land-based (onshore) wind energy ever more complicated. Consequently, repowering is expected to become a rapidly growing point of focus for the wind industry. Here we propose a more holistic and socially informed project-level approach to analyse repowering activity that enables a more robust understanding of the process and potentials. We demonstrate that for wind pioneer in Denmark, only 67% of the capacity removed in repowering projects was related to the physical space needed for a new turbine. Other factors that drive repowering include regulation (for example, noise-related, 8–17%), development principles (for example, aesthetics, 7–20%) and political bargaining (4–13%). The recognition of repowering as a negotiated process between host communities and wind developers will probably be critical to unlock the full potential of wind energy in the future.

Suggested Citation

  • Lena Kitzing & Morten Kofoed Jensen & Thomas Telsnig & Eric Lantz, 2020. "Multifaceted drivers for onshore wind energy repowering and their implications for energy transition," Nature Energy, Nature, vol. 5(12), pages 1012-1021, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natene:v:5:y:2020:i:12:d:10.1038_s41560-020-00717-1
    DOI: 10.1038/s41560-020-00717-1
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    Cited by:

    1. Isabel C. Gil-García & Ana Fernández-Guillamón & M. Socorro García-Cascales & Angel Molina-García, 2021. "A Multi-Factorial Review of Repowering Wind Generation Strategies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-25, October.
    2. Unnewehr, Jan Frederick & Jalbout, Eddy & Jung, Christopher & Schindler, Dirk & Weidlich, Anke, 2021. "Getting more with less? Why repowering onshore wind farms does not always lead to more wind power generation – A German case study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 245-257.
    3. Julien Walzberg & Annika Eberle, 2023. "Modeling Systems’ Disruption and Social Acceptance—A Proof-of-Concept Leveraging Reinforcement Learning," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-13, June.
    4. Lopez, Anthony & Mai, Trieu & Lantz, Eric & Harrison-Atlas, Dylan & Williams, Travis & Maclaurin, Galen, 2021. "Land use and turbine technology influences on wind potential in the United States," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 223(C).
    5. Doukas, H. & Arsenopoulos, A. & Lazoglou, M. & Nikas, A. & Flamos, A., 2022. "Wind repowering: Unveiling a hidden asset," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 162(C).
    6. Windemer, Rebecca, 2023. "Acceptance should not be assumed. How the dynamics of social acceptance changes over time, impacting onshore wind repowering," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 173(C).
    7. Anqi Zeng & Wu Chen & Kasper Dalgas Rasmussen & Xuehong Zhu & Maren Lundhaug & Daniel B. Müller & Juan Tan & Jakob K. Keiding & Litao Liu & Tao Dai & Anjian Wang & Gang Liu, 2022. "Battery technology and recycling alone will not save the electric mobility transition from future cobalt shortages," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-11, December.
    8. Jann Michael Weinand & Russell McKenna & Heidi Heinrichs & Michael Roth & Detlef Stolten & Wolf Fichtner, 2021. "Exploring the trilemma of cost-efficient, equitable and publicly acceptable onshore wind expansion planning," Papers 2106.15198, arXiv.org.
    9. Juan Tan & Jinyu Wei, 2024. "Configurational Analysis of ESG Performance, Innovation Intensity, and Financial Leverage: a Study on Total Factor Productivity in Chinese Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Firms," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 15(3), pages 13803-13827, September.
    10. Anne P. M. Velenturf, 2021. "A Framework and Baseline for the Integration of a Sustainable Circular Economy in Offshore Wind," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-41, September.

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