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Konjunktur und Innovationsverhalten von Schweizer Firmen

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Der Bundesrat hat die Mittel zur Förderung der Innovationskraft von Schweizer Unternehmen (vorübergehend) substantiell erhöht. Damit soll mittelfristig die internationale Wettbe - werbsfähigkeit der Unternehmen gestärkt werden, die durch die Frankenstärke und die konjunkturelle Eintrübung beeinträchtigt wird. Dieser Beitrag soll Hinweise für einen effizienten Einsatz der Fördermittel liefern, indem er zwei grundlegende Fragen behandelt: a) Inwieweit beeinflussen konjunk - turelle Schwankungen die Innovationstätigkeit von Firmen, gemessen an den Ausgaben für Forschung und Entwicklung (F&E), und b) welcher Unternehmenstypus zeigt im Konjunkturverlauf vorwiegend ein prozyklisches, antizyklisches oder unsystematisches Innovationsverhalten? Im Ergebnis zeigt sich, dass Innovationsaktivitäten insgesamt prozyklisch sind, wobei die prozyklischen Effekte besonders ausgeprägt sind in der Investitionsgüterindustrie und in einem durch intensiven Preiswettbewerb gekennzeichneten Marktumfeld. Sich antizyklisch verhaltende Unternehmen sind generell innovativer bzw. weisen eine höhere F&E-Ausgabenintensität auf und sind bei F&E-Aktivitäten besonders stark mit anderen Unternehmen vernetzt. Diese Resultate legen den Schluss nahe, dass in konjunkturell schwierigen Zeiten die Innovationsförderung vor allem auf Projekte mit besonders hohem Innovationsgrad ausgerichtet sein sollte, wobei Kooperationen mit Hochschulen speziell förderungswürdig sind.

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  • Martin Wörter, 2011. "Konjunktur und Innovationsverhalten von Schweizer Firmen," KOF Analysen, KOF Swiss Economic Institute, ETH Zurich, vol. 5(4), pages 55-71, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:kof:anskof:v:5:y:2011:i:4:p:55-71
    DOI: 10.3929/ethz-a-005427569
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    References listed on IDEAS

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