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Endogenous technical progress induced by CO 2 reduction policies: Simulation results for Austria

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  • Heinz Glueck
  • Stefan Schleicher

Abstract

Almost all model simulations of CO 2 reduction policies focus on the effects of changes in the relative price of energy compared to the other factors of production caused by various energy taxation schemes. Typical results of these simulations as reported e.g. from the GREEN model of OECD show depressing effects on real GDP and upward pressures on inflation. We propose the hypothesis that these results may be biased due to an inadequate treatment of technical progress and proceed as follows: Firstly, instead of treating technical progress as exogenous we explicitly model theprice induced change of the composition of capital stock of households and producers with its effects on energy efficiency and investment demand. Secondly, we investigate to what extent adouble dividend policy which boosts CO 2 reduction technologies by special programs funded by the additional tax revenues differs from the mere price induced technological changes. We implement these propositions within the framework of a macroeconometric model for Austria which emphasizes substitution between energy and capital in providing energy services for households and producers. The following results are obtained: Firstly, we indicate how misleading the GDP effects may be if they result from lower energy intensities but still maintain the required energy services. Secondly, we investigate the effects of various energy taxation policies under different compensation schemes. Instead of merely relying on price-induced technological change we strongly advocate compensation programs which provide additional incentives for implementing high efficiency energy technologies such as cogeneration equipment or buildings with improved thermal standards. Copyright Kluwer Academic Publishers 1995

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  • Heinz Glueck & Stefan Schleicher, 1995. "Endogenous technical progress induced by CO 2 reduction policies: Simulation results for Austria," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 5(2), pages 151-163, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:enreec:v:5:y:1995:i:2:p:151-163
    DOI: 10.1007/BF00693021
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    1. Robert M. Solow, 1994. "Perspectives on Growth Theory," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 8(1), pages 45-54, Winter.
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    Cited by:

    1. Jacobsen, Henrik Klinge, 2001. "Technological progress and long-term energy demand -- a survey of recent approaches and a Danish case," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 29(2), pages 147-157, January.
    2. Henrik Klinge Jacobsen, 2000. "Technology Diffusion in Energy-Economy Models: The Case of Danish Vintage Models," The Energy Journal, International Association for Energy Economics, vol. 0(Number 1), pages 43-71.

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