A Review of the Current Status and Prospects of Improving Indoor Environment for Lightweight Buildings in High-Altitude Cold Regions

Lightweight structures, characterized by rapid assembly, are vital for creating habitats in outdoor environments, but their implementation in high-plateau cold regions encounters significant challenges in heating and ventilation. This paper systematically introduces the environmental characteristics and reviews the demands and primary influencing factors of indoor environments in these regions. The advantages and limitations of underground lightweight construction are also discussed. Current research indicates that evaluation methods for air quality in high-altitude cold regions require further development. Reducing building heat loss and minimizing cold air infiltration can enhance indoor environments and lower energy consumption. However, it is essential to establish effective ventilation strategies to prevent the accumulation of air pollutants. Then, potential passive ventilation improvement measures suitable for the environmental characteristics of high-cold plateaus are outlined. The application potential and possible limitations of these measures are summarized, providing references for future research. Finally, the main research methods for ventilation and heating within building interiors are organized and discussed. Findings indicate that computational fluid dynamics models are predominantly used, but they demonstrate low efficiency and high resource consumption for medium- to large-scale applications. Integrating these models with network models can achieve a balance of high computational accuracy and efficiency.