IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v16y2024i21p9269-d1506498.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Comparative Analysis of Carbon Footprints from Away and Home Matches: A Study on Leading Basketball and Football Teams in Türkiye

Author

Listed:
  • Arif Cetin

    (Faculty of Sport Sciences, Marmara University, 34815 Istanbul, Türkiye)

  • Aydın Pekel

    (Faculty of Sport Sciences, Marmara University, 34815 Istanbul, Türkiye)

  • Cemal Ozman

    (Faculty of Sport Sciences, Bartin University, 74100 Bartın, Türkiye)

  • Beyhan Ozgur

    (School of Physical Education and Sports, Mardin Artuklu University, 47100 Mardin, Türkiye)

  • Ayse Demir

    (School of Physical Education and Sports, Dicle University, 21280 Diyarbakır, Türkiye)

Abstract

Problem: Basketball and football teams in Türkiye have the capacity to travel hundreds of kilometres for league matches. In general, such major leagues and leading teams travelling from Türkiye have not been sufficiently researched in the context of Türkiye’s leading leagues and teams. In this context, the aim of this study is to assess and compare the carbon footprint of the transport activities of basketball and football teams in Türkiye for their home and away matches for the 2023–2024 season. Methods: The research is based on EN 16258 and ICAO carbon emissions methodologies. This study aims to calculate and compare the carbon footprint of different transport methods, including bus and plane, used by five basketball and football teams in Türkiye. Results: The findings show that there are significant differences between the teams in terms of travelling distances and carbon footprints. Trabzonspor from the Black Sea region released the highest CO 2 emissions from air travel with a total of 91,667.1 kgCO 2e , while Fenerbahçe Beko had the lowest CO 2 emissions with 5316.72 kgCO 2e . In terms of bus travel, Gaziantep FK led the CO 2 emissions with 4356.45 kgCO 2e , while Türk Telekom was the team with the lowest CO 2 emissions with 1233.225 kgCO 2e . The findings also reveal a notable difference in the number of trees teams need to plant to offset their carbon emissions. Because of their travel patterns, Antalyaspor would need to plant 3481 trees, whereas Fenerbahçe Beko would only need to plant 348 trees. Conclusions: Air travel is emerging as the dominant source of CO 2 emissions and has a greater impact on the environmental impact of teams that rely heavily on airplanes. In this study, the league structure and duration play a critical role in shaping the carbon footprint of sports teams. The football season, which is longer compared to basketball, requires more frequent travel, especially for teams in more remote regions, resulting in higher carbon emissions than basketball. The dominance of Marmara region teams in basketball has a negative impact on the carbon footprint since these teams generally have shorter travel distances.

Suggested Citation

  • Arif Cetin & Aydın Pekel & Cemal Ozman & Beyhan Ozgur & Ayse Demir, 2024. "Comparative Analysis of Carbon Footprints from Away and Home Matches: A Study on Leading Basketball and Football Teams in Türkiye," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(21), pages 1-14, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:21:p:9269-:d:1506498
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/16/21/9269/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/16/21/9269/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Nicholas Watanabe & Grace Yan & Christopher McLeod, 2023. "The Impact of Sporting Events on Air Pollution: An Empirical Examination of National Football League Games," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-13, March.
    2. Dante M. Gandola & Francesco Asdrubali, 2024. "A Methodology to Evaluate GHG Emissions for Large Sports Events," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-21, February.
    3. Durán, Guillermo & Durán, Santiago & Marenco, Javier & Mascialino, Federico & Rey, Pablo A., 2019. "Scheduling Argentina’s professional basketball leagues: A variation on the Travelling Tournament Problem," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 275(3), pages 1126-1138.
    4. Andrea Collins & Andrew Flynn, 2008. "Measuring the Environmental Sustainability of a Major Sporting Event: A Case Study of the FA Cup Final," Tourism Economics, , vol. 14(4), pages 751-768, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Guillermo Durán, 2021. "Sports scheduling and other topics in sports analytics: a survey with special reference to Latin America," TOP: An Official Journal of the Spanish Society of Statistics and Operations Research, Springer;Sociedad de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, vol. 29(1), pages 125-155, April.
    2. Gulijiazi Yeerkenbieke & Chunci Chen & Guizhen He, 2021. "Public Perceived Effects of 2022 Winter Olympics on Host City Sustainability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-20, March.
    3. Fuyuan Wang & Kaiyong Wang, 2017. "Assessing the Effect of Eco-City Practices on Urban Sustainability Using an Extended Ecological Footprint Model: A Case Study in Xi’an, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(9), pages 1-16, September.
    4. Huei-Fu Lu, 2021. "Hallmark Sporting Events as a Vehicle for Promoting the Sustainable Development of Regional Tourism: Strategic Perspectives from Stakeholders," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-15, March.
    5. Ricardo Roseira Cayolla & Joana A. Quintela & Teresa Santos, 2023. "Analysis of Travel Behaviour of Professional Sports Organisation Members to the Stadium: Future Implications for Sustainability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-14, April.
    6. Emery, Paul, 2010. "Past, present, future major sport event management practice: The practitioner perspective," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 13(2), pages 158-170, May.
    7. Stavros Triantafyllidis & Robert J. Ries & Kyriaki (Kiki) Kaplanidou, 2018. "Carbon Dioxide Emissions of Spectators’ Transportation in Collegiate Sporting Events: Comparing On-Campus and Off-Campus Stadium Locations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(1), pages 1-18, January.
    8. Thomas Könecke & Holger Schunk & Tabea Schappel & Ine Hugaerts & Fabio Wagner & Ewa Malchrowicz-Mośko, 2021. "German Marathon Runners’ Opinions on and Willingness to Pay for Environmental Sustainability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-17, September.
    9. Popescu Marius Catalin & Popa Marian Gabriel & Diaconescu Dragos Laurentiu & Pasarin Leonardo Daniel & Costin Dan Eugen, 2023. "Adoption Of Technological Innovations By Sports Spectators," Annals - Economy Series, Constantin Brancusi University, Faculty of Economics, vol. 2, pages 151-160, April.
    10. Daniel Goller & Sandro Heiniger, 2024. "A general framework to quantify the event importance in multi-event contests," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 341(1), pages 71-93, October.
    11. David Van Bulck & Dries Goossens, 2022. "Optimizing rest times and differences in games played: an iterative two-phase approach," Journal of Scheduling, Springer, vol. 25(3), pages 261-271, June.
    12. Dr. Amen Osamede JEGEDE & Dr. Stella Oluwatoyin Folajimi AINA, 2023. "The Operations and Patronage Pattern of Event Centres in Ekiti State, Nigeria," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 7(6), pages 576-589, June.
    13. Sergi Cerezo-Esteve & Eduard Inglés & Jordi Segui-Urbaneja & Francesc Solanellas, 2022. "The Environmental Impact of Major Sport Events (Giga, Mega and Major): A Systematic Review from 2000 to 2021," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-15, October.
    14. Van Bulck, David & Goossens, Dries, 2023. "A traditional Benders’ approach to sports timetabling," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 307(2), pages 813-826.
    15. Goller, Daniel & Krumer, Alex, 2020. "Let's meet as usual: Do games played on non-frequent days differ? Evidence from top European soccer leagues," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 286(2), pages 740-754.
    16. Haiyan Huang & Luke Lunhua Mao & Suk-Kyu Kim & James J. Zhang, 2014. "Assessing the Economic Impact of Three Major Sport Events in China: The Perspective of aTtendees," Tourism Economics, , vol. 20(6), pages 1277-1296, December.
    17. Michal Varmus & Milan Kubina & Martin Mičiak & Michal Šarlák & Ivan Greguška, 2023. "Sustainable Management of the Public Financial Model for Sports Support in Slovakia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-27, July.
    18. Tomás F. Espino-Rodríguez, 2023. "Research on Outsourcing by Hotel Firms: Current State and Future Directions," Tourism and Hospitality, MDPI, vol. 4(1), pages 1-15, January.
    19. Li, Miao & Davari, Morteza & Goossens, Dries, 2023. "Multi-league sports scheduling with different leagues sizes," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 307(1), pages 313-327.
    20. Getz, Donald & Page, Stephen J., 2016. "Progress and prospects for event tourism research," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 593-631.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:21:p:9269-:d:1506498. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.