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Life Cycle Assessment of Green Synthesis of TiO 2 Nanoparticles vs. Chemical Synthesis

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  • María del Pilar Rodríguez-Rojas

    (Instituto de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad #1000, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca CP 62210, Morelos, Mexico)

  • Victoria Bustos-Terrones

    (Laboratorio de Investigación de Ingniería Ambiental y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Politécnica del Estado de Morelos, Boulevard Cuauhnáhuac 566, Col. Lomas del Texcal, Jiutepec CP 62574, Morelos, Mexico)

  • María Yesenia Díaz-Cárdenas

    (Laboratorio de Investigación de Ingniería Ambiental y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Politécnica del Estado de Morelos, Boulevard Cuauhnáhuac 566, Col. Lomas del Texcal, Jiutepec CP 62574, Morelos, Mexico
    Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores Coacalco, Tecnológico Nacional de México, Avenida 16 de Septiembre No. 54, Cabecera Municipal, Coacalco de Berriozabal CP 55700, Edo.Mex, Mexico)

  • Edna Vázquez-Vélez

    (Instituto de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad #1000, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca CP 62210, Morelos, Mexico)

  • Horacio Martínez

    (Instituto de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad #1000, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca CP 62210, Morelos, Mexico)

Abstract

One of the challenges of our time is replacing the existing fossil fuel-based economy with a green one in the framework of developing a sustainable society. The biological synthesis of nanoparticles from plant extracts is currently under study for developing environmentally compatible nanoparticle synthesis and avoiding adverse effects. The environmental impacts of emissions, energy requirements, and energy losses are calculated to comparatively evaluate the effects of the traditional process, in addition to any new one, in obtaining TiO 2 nanoparticles from the life cycle point of view. The two methods are syntheses via green chemistry (using an aqueous extract of Cymbopogon citratus ) and via the chloride route, which are some of the most used methods for the synthesis of TiO 2 nanoparticles owing to them having the most advanced production processes. The life cycle analysis was carried out using OpenLCA software, which showed that the production of chemically synthesized TiO 2 contributes to greenhouse gas emissions and respiratory effects caused by inorganic substances. On the other hand, green synthesis contributes to reductions in toxicity and greenhouse gas emissions.

Suggested Citation

  • María del Pilar Rodríguez-Rojas & Victoria Bustos-Terrones & María Yesenia Díaz-Cárdenas & Edna Vázquez-Vélez & Horacio Martínez, 2024. "Life Cycle Assessment of Green Synthesis of TiO 2 Nanoparticles vs. Chemical Synthesis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-15, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:17:p:7751-:d:1472448
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jamila S. Al Malki & Nahed Ahmed Hussien & Lamia M. Akkad & Shatha O. Al Thurmani & Anhal E. Al Motiri, 2023. "Green Synthesis of Silver and Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles Using Tea and Eggshell Wastes, Their Characterization, and Biocompatibility Evaluation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-14, August.
    2. Henderson, Kirsten & Loreau, Michel, 2023. "A model of Sustainable Development Goals: Challenges and opportunities in promoting human well-being and environmental sustainability," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 475(C).
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    1. Nawaz, Rab & Hanafiah, Marlia Mohd & Sakawi, Zaini & Baki, Zaher Abdel & Abidin, Sumaiya Bt Zainal & Anjum, Muzammil & Fazli Ismail, Aznan & Arshad, Ushtar, 2025. "A review of the defective TiO2 materials-based photocatalysis for environmental remediation: exploring the nexus between light wavelength and energy consumption," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 393(C).

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