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Interpretive Structural Modeling of Barriers to Sustainable Tourism Development: A Developing Economy Perspective

Author

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  • Kramat Hussain

    (School of Finance and Economics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Huaping Sun

    (School of Finance and Economics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
    School of Economics and Management, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Muhammad Ramzan

    (School of Finance and Economics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China)

  • Shahid Mahmood

    (School of Finance and Economics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China)

  • Muhammad Zubair Saeed

    (Department of Economics, National College of Business Administration and Economics, Multan 60000, Pakistan)

Abstract

Sustainable tourism development (STD) has been much touted in academia and policy circles; however, developing economies are still struggling to adopt STD. This phenomenon motivated us to trace the barriers hindering STD and their interrelationships in the context of developing economies. This study identified barriers through a systematic literature review and expert opinions. A six-tier hierarchical structure was developed using interpretive structural modeling (ISM). The Matrice d’Impacts croisés multiplication appliquée á un classement (MICMAC) was applied to assess the driving and dependence power. The findings illustrate that all barriers are significant and influence STD; however, the most critical are ‘lack of government interest’, ‘funding constraints’, and ‘lack of integration among institutions and public–private people partnerships (4P)’. The findings of this research will be helpful for managers and policymakers to comprehend the driving and dependent power and categorization of barriers and devise pragmatic strategies to mitigate the barriers and promote STD.

Suggested Citation

  • Kramat Hussain & Huaping Sun & Muhammad Ramzan & Shahid Mahmood & Muhammad Zubair Saeed, 2024. "Interpretive Structural Modeling of Barriers to Sustainable Tourism Development: A Developing Economy Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-32, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:13:p:5442-:d:1423000
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    References listed on IDEAS

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