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Exploring the Resilience of Public Transport Trips in the Face of Urban Violence from a Gender Perspective

Author

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  • Marcus Cardoso

    (Transport Engineering Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Horácio Macedo 2030, Rio de Janeiro 21941-914, RJ, Brazil)

  • Tálita Santos

    (Center for Sustainable Development, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil)

  • Luiza Gagno Azolin Tessarolo

    (São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Carlos 13566-590, SP, Brazil)

  • Vicente Aprigliano

    (Escuela de Ingeniería de Construcción y Transporte, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Brasil 2147, Valparaíso 2362807, Chile)

  • Antônio Nélson Rodrigues da Silva

    (São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Carlos 13566-590, SP, Brazil)

  • Marcelino Aurélio Vieira da Silva

    (Transport Engineering Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Horácio Macedo 2030, Rio de Janeiro 21941-914, RJ, Brazil)

Abstract

Public transport systems that ensure safe and efficient mobility are essential to promote sustainability in cities. However, public transport is susceptible to violence. Additionally, men and women have distinct perceptions of security, which can lead to different reactions in the face of danger. Therefore, considering this situation from a gender perspective, the goal of this study is to assess the levels of resilience in trips made by public transport users when exposed to violence. Data were collected from 763 individuals (women: 60.8%; men: 39.2%) within the academic community of a university campus in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, through an online questionnaire. The information obtained included the participants’ socioeconomic details, security perceptions, and changes in travel patterns due to security concerns. The results of the Cronbach’s alpha test (0.842) indicated a good internal consistency within the data. Chi-squared tests of independence were applied, and calculations for effect size measures were conducted to evaluate the possible association between gender and other variables. Regarding the level of resilience of the trips made, evidence was found that the perception of safety and the behavior of public transport users are influenced by their gender. Regarding the gender of the respondents, an association was found with the resilience levels of trips. Furthermore, it was found that women are more vulnerable to violence in public transport than men, with risks of feeling unsafe during walks to or from stations and on buses being 1.1 and 1.5 times higher, respectively. Additionally, it was observed that the behavior of public transport users is significantly influenced by past victimization experiences, prompting measures for greater protection to be sought. The results of this study allow for a better understanding of how men and women feel exposed to violence when using public transport and can contribute to the creation of public policies to promote safety. Additionally, they can assist security authorities in directing and concentrating police efforts more effectively.

Suggested Citation

  • Marcus Cardoso & Tálita Santos & Luiza Gagno Azolin Tessarolo & Vicente Aprigliano & Antônio Nélson Rodrigues da Silva & Marcelino Aurélio Vieira da Silva, 2023. "Exploring the Resilience of Public Transport Trips in the Face of Urban Violence from a Gender Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-24, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:24:p:16960-:d:1302696
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    References listed on IDEAS

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